摘要
薇甘菊(Mikania micrantha)原产中、南美洲,1919年薇甘菊作为杂草在中国香港出现,目前已广泛侵入中国广东、海南、云南等省区,是世界上最有害的100种外来入侵物种之一。本文以海南重要外来入侵植物薇甘菊(Mikania micrantha)为实验材料,通过温室盆栽实验,研究了克隆整合对异质性光照生境下薇甘菊克隆片段生长的影响。结果表明:在异质性光照下,克隆整合显著提高了低光斑块分株的生物量,但同时降低了高光斑块分株的生物量,对克隆片段总体的生物量积累无显著影响,且这一结果不受资源输送方向的影响;克隆整合降低了异质性光照下克隆分株间根冠比的差异,加大了克隆分株间净光合速率的差异,且倾向于提高生长在高光斑块分株的比叶面积;克隆整合虽然并不能促进薇甘菊匍匐茎克隆片段在异质性光照生境下总体的生长,但可以促进低光斑块下分株的生长,因而,克隆整合可促进薇甘菊从开阔生境向低光生境(森林、杂草群落等)的入侵能力,因此,克隆整合特性是薇甘菊对异质性光照环境的重要适应对策之一。
Mikania micrantha is native to Central and South America. In 1919, M. micrantha appeared as a weed in Hong Kong, China. Since then, it has spread rapidly. At present, it can be found in many provinces of China, posing serious threats to forests, farmlands and orchards. It is one of the top 100 worst weeds in the world. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to examine the effects of clonal integration on the performance of the stoloniferous herbM. micrantha in habitats with heterogeneous light availability. The results showed that when light availability was heterogeneous, clonal integration increased biomass of ramets grown in patches with low light availability, reduced biomass of those grown in patches with high light availability, and did not significantly change the biomass accumulation of the whole clonal fragments. Clonal integration reduced the differences in root/shoot ratio among ramets, increased the difference in photosynthetic rate among ramets, and tended to increase the specific leaf area in the ramets grown under high light conditions. These results suggest that clonal integration did not affect the biomass accumulation of the whole clonal fragments of M. micrantha stolons grown under heterogeneous light conditions, but it would enhance the growth of the ramets grown under low light availability. Consequently, clonal integration would enhance the invasion of M. micrantha from open habitats to habitats with low light availability （e.g., forests, weed communities）. Our results indicated that clonal integration is one of the important strategies for M. micrantha to adapt to habitats withheterogeneous light availability.
作者
李晓霞
沈奕德
范志伟
王亚
刘延
黄乔乔
LI Xiao-xia, SHEN Yi-de, FAN Zhi-wei, WANG Ya, LIU Yan, HUANG Qiao-qiao(Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences~Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropi- cal Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, China/Danzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, China/Hainan Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural Pests, Haikou 571101, China)
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第4期974-980,共7页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31500462)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(1630042017017和2016hzs1J019)资助
关键词
薇甘菊
克隆整合
生境
异质性光照
Mikania micrantha
clonal integration
habitat
heterogeneous light availability.
