摘要
【目的】研究纳秒水导激光加工木材工艺,探讨加工过程中加工方向、加工速度、输出功率、加工深度和热劣化现象等对加工质量的影响,获得使纳秒水导激光加工木材达到最佳加工效果各影响因素之间的关系,并论证其加工工艺的可行性。【方法】在对现有激光加工技术的加工工艺和原理进行调查、分析和研究的基础上,设计并制造出木材纳秒水导激光加工试验台。介绍试验台的总体布局原则、试验方法及各部分的主要功能,详细阐述试验台主要组成部分——纳秒激光数控加工试验台、传动试验台的组成和功能,并分析研究纳秒水导激光加工木材的基本原理和微观现象;进行纳秒水导激光加工木材试验,试验过程中随时记录每条加工直线附近产生的现象,加工后多次测量每条直线加工深度并取平均值,绘制顺纹理方向加工速度与加工深度关系、垂直纹理方向加工速度与加工深度关系以及输出功率与加工深度关系曲线。【结果】当输出功率不变时,加工深度随着加工速度增加总体呈双曲线减少的变化规律;当加工速度不变时,加工深度随着输出功率增大而增大;当输出功率较高时,加工深度不会随着输出功率增大而增大,反而呈现出逐渐减小的趋势或保持不变;加工过程中会有炭化现象产生,炭化程度随着加工速度降低和加工深度增加而加重;当加工木材的材质不同时,加工效果存在一定差别,硬质木材的加工效果相对好于软质木材,炭化程度相对较低,加工深度相对较小,加工曲线大致相同,只是曲率存在一定差别。【结论】利用纳秒水导激光加工木材,应严格控制加工速度、输出功率和加工深度之间的关系。当加工深度较大时,应适当增大加工速度,否则加工点附近会有炭化现象产生。纳秒水导激光加工木材工艺具有一定的可行性。
【Objective】 This study investigated the wood processing technology by nanosecond water guide laser. The influence of processing direction,processing speed,output power,processing depth and thermal degradation on processing quality were discussed,the relationship between the influencing factors that lead to the optimal processing by nanosecond water guide laser were obtained,and the feasibility of the processing technology was demonstrated.【Method】On the basis of investigation,analysis and research on the processing technology and principle of existing laser technology,a test bench that wood can be processed by nanosecond water guide laser was designed and manufactured. In this paper,the general layout principle,the experimental method and the main functions of the main components are introduced,and the main components— the transmission test bench and function of the nanosecond laser NC machining are described in detail. And the basic principle and microscopic phenomenon of the wood processed by nanosecond water guide laser are analyzed and studied. During the wood processed by nanosecond water guide lasler,the phenomenon that produced near each processing line was recorded. After processing,the processing depth of each line was measured. To draw the graph of relationship between processing speed and processing depth in texture direction,graph of relationship between processing speed and processing depth in vertical texture direction and graph of relationship between output power and processing depth.【Result】Through the analysis of the experimental data,when output power is certain,the processing depth decreases in hyperbolic curve with the increase of processing speed. When the processing speed is certain,the processing depth increases with the increase of the output power,when the output power is higher,processing depth will not increase withthe increase of the output power but show a gradually decreasing trend. During the process of processing,the charring phenomenon may produce,and the charring d
出处
《林业科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期121-127,共7页
Scientia Silvae Sinicae
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572016EBC3)
黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(C2016013)
关键词
纳秒水导激光
影响因素
试验台
炭化
加工质量
nanosecond water guide laser
influencing factor
test bed
charring
processing quality
