摘要
大型钢轨探伤车为保障铁路安全起到重要作用,在检测作业时轮探头应始终与钢轨中心线对齐。分析机械涨轮式、电磁感应式、对中轮探头式、一维激光测距式、激光摄像式5种对中方式的特点。利用二维激光传感器采集钢轨内侧轮廓数据,选用轨顶点、轨头点簇、轨腰点簇作为钢轨轮廓特征。设计4个判据用于钢轨轮廓的可用性判别,根据不同线路条件设计了4种工况的判据组合与计算钢轨距离基准。对中系统参数标定时将钢轨探伤车停在平直的轨道上,调节激光器相对于大地坐标系旋转角度α,使轨腰点簇的斜率近似为0。在人工伤损线和既有线路进行检测试验,传感器的数据可靠、维护方式简单,可满足轮探头对中系统的要求。
Large rail flaw detecting cars play an important role in maintaining railway safety. During detection, wheel probe should always align with the rail centerline. This paper looks into five types of alignment, namely mechanical expansion type, electromagnetic induction type, the aligning wheel probe type, and one-dimension laser ranging type. The author uses a two-dimensional laser sensor to collect data on rail inner profile, with railtop, railhead point cluster and rail waist point cluster as the rail contour l^atures. The paper presents four criteria for judging the availability of rail profiles, and based on different line conditions, criteria combinations of four operating conditions and benchmarks lbr calculating rail distances. When calibrating the parameters of the alignment system, the rail flaw detecting car is parked on a straight track, with a rotation angle of a between the laser and the geodetic coordinate system and the slope of the rail waist point cluster approximating O. Inspection and test on the test line and operation line show that the sensor data is reliable and the maintenance is easy to carry out, which meets the requirements on the wheel probe aligning system.
出处
《中国铁路》
2018年第1期74-79,共6页
China Railway
基金
国家重大科学仪器设备开发专项(2016YFF0103700)
中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划项目(J2016G002)
中国铁道科学研究院科技研究开发计划项目(2014YJ022)
关键词
钢轨探伤车
轮探头
二维激光传感器
钢轨轮廓
rail flaw detecting car
wheel probe
two-dimensional laser sensor
rail profile
