摘要
【目的】寻求合理的微咸水利用方式以及揭示微咸水灌溉下作物生理生长响应机理。【方法】在黄河三角洲地区的典型引黄灌区开展了冬小麦微咸水灌溉试验,研究了微咸水灌溉对冬小麦光合特性、干物质及产量的影响。【结果】与淡水灌溉相比,采用矿化度3 g/L微咸水灌溉时,拔节期、灌浆期灌2水和拔节期灌1水均会导致气孔导度和蒸腾速率的下降,但是对净光合速率的影响却不显著,微咸水灌溉在降低蒸腾速率的同时维持着较高的净光合速率,叶片水分利用效率提高了2.8%~43.2%;微咸水灌溉抑制了冬小麦的株高和干物质积累,淡水-微咸水组合灌溉虽然导致产量降低3%~13%,但节约淡水资源50%~67%;相同灌溉水质下,与灌浆期不灌水相比,灌水有利于籽粒的灌浆,提高了千粒质量,实现冬小麦增产11.2%~11.4%。【结论】因此,淡水-微咸水-微咸水的灌溉模式用于该地区冬小麦田间灌溉是可行的。
【Objective】Obtain the suitable alternative of saline water irrigation pattern and reveal the physiological and growth response mechanism for winter wheat.【Method】A field experiment was conducted in Yellow River Delta,Shandong,North China.Four irrigation treatments（irrigating 80 mm with fresh water each at jointing and heading stages,irrigating 80 mm with fresh water each at jointing,heading and milking stages,irrigating80 mm with fresh-saline water each at jointing and heading stages,irrigating 80 mm with fresh-saline-saline water each at jointing,heading and milking stages） were designed.The collected datum were used to analyze the effects of saline water irrigation on photosynthesis characteristics,biomass and yield of winter wheat.【Result】The results showed that,compared with the treatment of fully irrigated with fresh water,brackish water irrigation decreased leaf stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of winter wheat,but no significant change was observed in net photosynthetic rate,thus leaf water use efficiency was increased by 2.8%~43.2%.While brackish water inhibited plant height and biomass of winter wheat,also yield decreased by 3% ~13% and saved fresh water by50%~67% under the treatment with fresh-saline water.Either fresh water or brackish water,irrigation was beneficial to grain filling at milking stages,the 1000-grain was weight increased,and also yield was increased by11.2%~11.4%.【Conclusion】Therefore,it is prospective to use fresh-saline-saline water irrigation mode of winter wheat in the region,which has important practical significance for the sustainable agriculture in the Yellow River Delta.
作者
庞桂斌
徐征和
王海霞
张立志
王天宇
PANG Guibin;XU Zhenghe;WANG Haixia;ZHANG Lizhi;WANG Tianyu(College of Resources and Environment, University ofJinan, Jinan 250022, China;College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China)
出处
《灌溉排水学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期35-41,共7页
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51509105)
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2014EEQ020)
山东省级水利科研与技术推广项目(SDSLKY201502)
关键词
冬小麦
微咸水灌溉
光合特征
叶片水分利用效率
产量
winter wheat
slight saline water irrigation
photosynthesis characteristics
leaf water use efficiency
yield
