摘要
本文基于中国4省份397个生猪养殖户调查数据,引入损害控制模型(damage control model),分析了生猪养殖户使用兽药的边际生产率。本文建立兽药使用的回归模型,将由此回归模型得到的兽药使用成本预测值代入Cobb-Douglas生产函数及损害控制模型以处理内生性,所得回归分析结果显示:病害预期损失、兽药平均价格以及养殖规模对兽药使用成本具有显著的正向影响;对不同类型兽药的使用成本而言,养殖监管水平、参与养殖技术培训情况以及养殖信息获取便捷程度对保健类兽药的使用成本具有显著的负向影响,而对治疗类兽药的使用成本并无显著影响;对于治疗类兽药来说,损失厌恶是导致其使用成本上升的主要原因,其他相关因素影响较小。此外,根据损害控制模型的估计结果,本文发现,兽药的边际生产率接近于0,表明所调查地区生猪养殖户已经过量使用兽药。
This article applies survey data in 2017 from four provinces in China to a damage control model to measure antimicrobial use productivity. The study establishes a regression model of antimicrobial use, and applies the predicted drug cost of antimicrobial use to a C-D production function and the damage control model to avoid the endogeneity and sample selection bias. The results show that factors such as swine breeders＇ perception of yield loss, unit value price of veterinary drugs, production scale, lead to a significant increase in the drug cost of antimicrobial use. Factors such as technical training attendance, the easiness of obtaining policy information concerning pig breeding and standard operation, lead to a significant decrease in the cost of prophylactic drug use. But they exert no significant influence on the cost of therapeutic veterinary drugs. The study demonstrates that a loss aversion constitutes an important cause to the rising cost of therapeutic veterinary drugs for pig breeders. The estimation results from the damage control model show that marginal productivity of antimicrobial use is close to zero. That demonstrates an overuse of veterinary drugs. On the basis of the conclusions, it puts forward three countermeasures.
出处
《中国农村经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第1期63-77,共15页
Chinese Rural Economy
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目"农业生产者安全生产政策的实验评估及其组合设计:以病死猪无害化处理为例"(项目批准号:71673115)
国家自然科学基金项目"病死猪流入市场的生猪养殖户行为实验及政策研究"(项目批准号:71540008)
国家自然科学基金面上项目"考虑农户行为偏好的农产品供应链协调机制设计研究"(项目批准号:71371086)的阶段性研究成果
关键词
生猪养殖
兽药使用
边际生产率
损害控制模型
Pig Production
Anfimicrobial Use
Marginal Productivity
Damage Control Model
