摘要
为掌握我国炭疽疫情动态，降低发病率，协助有关部门制定合理有效的防控计划，现对2006--2015年农业部兽医公报中的炭疽疫情报告以及文献报道的炭疽疫情进行总结，并用Excel进行统计学分析。结果表明，近10年，我国动物炭疽年均发病为22．9次，年均发病数为221．3头，每起疫情平均发病数为9．66，全国89．68％的疫情集中于西北及西南地区的青海、云南、贵州、宁夏、甘肃及内蒙古6个省（自治区），其他疫情在全国散在零星分布。近10年，我国炭疽的发生频率和危害程度逐步降低。除2012年疫情略有反弹外，总体从2006—2015年每年疫情数逐步降低。炭疽一年四季均有病例报告，发病有明显季节性，随着气候的变暖和雨水的增多，发病率呈现明显的上升，主要集中在4—10月份，疫情数占总数的81．48％，其中7—8月份占34．72％。炭疽疫情发生具有明显的地域性和季节性，在疫区做好疫情处置、疫病监测、疫情预警及免疫接种工作对炭疽防控意义重大。
To clarify the epidemic status and decrease the occurrence of anthracis which provide rel- ative references for government authorities to make plausible control plans. In this research, the epidemic information on anthrax from the official veterinary bulletin issued by Ministry of Agricul- ture and other reports were analysized. The results indicated that in the past decade the annual av- erage incidence was 22.9, the total number of annual average was 221.3, and the average cases were 9.66 in each outbreak. The 89.68% of the outbreaks focused in the northwest and southwest areas, such as Qinghai, Yunnan, Guizhou, Ningxia, Gansu and Inner Mongolia provinces, and others were occurring sporadically. In recent decade, frequency of occurrence and the extent of injury of anthrax were decreased gradually, except for a bounce in 2012. Anthracis was reported to occur with a season preference,81.48% focused on April to October,34. 72% on July to August,which significantly related to the hot weather and rain season. The obvious regional and seasonal prefer- ences of this epidemic strongly suggest the critical significance of in-time forcasting and monito- ring, properly dealing with and vaccination in control of this epidemics.
出处
《中国兽医学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第2期336-340,共5页
Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science
基金
陕西省重点农业科技示范推广资助项目(ZDKJ-2014-33)
西北农林科技大学科技推广示范资助项目(Z222021411)
关键词
炭疽
炭疽芽胞杆菌
流行
防控
anthrax
Bacillus anthraci
epidemic
prevention and control
