摘要
目的总结口腔专科医院药品不良反应(ADR)的发生规律,尤其是药品说明书中未载明不良反应的特点及处理情况,为临床安全合理用药及修订药品说明书提供参考。方法收集南方医科大学口腔医院2011年1月至2017年6月上报的231份ADR报告,对患者的性别,原患疾病,ADR发生时间,给药途径,药品类型,累及系统,临床表现及新的/严重的ADR等情况进行统计与分析。结果 231例ADR报告中,患者男152例(65.80%),女79例(34.20%);原患疾病中口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤最常见(100例,43.29%);ADR多发生在给药1天至1周内(107例,46.32%);静脉给药是引发ADR最常见的给药途径(181例,78.35%);ADR共涉及8类药物,共44个品种,抗肿瘤药物引发的ADR居首位(69例,29.87%);ADR最常累及消化系统(138例,59.74%);共发现15种药品引发药品说明书中未载明的ADR或ADR的性质比药品说明书描述的更严重。结论临床医护人员在用药前应详细询问患者过敏史,尽量避免不必要的静脉给药;临床药师在患者用药过程中要做好药学监护及药物咨询工作;注意辨别新的/严重的ADR,做好ADR上报工作,从而保障患者用药安全,以促进药品厂家修改药品说明书。
Objective To summarize the occurrence regularity of adverse drug reactions（ ADRs） in a stomatological hospital,especially the characteristics and treatments of ADRs which are not stated in the drug instructions,so as to provide scientific basis for clinical rational drug use and revision of drug instructions. Methods Totally 231 cases of ADR reports from January 2011 to April 2017 were selected from Stomatological Hospital of Southern Medical University,the patients＇ gender,primary diseases,occurrence time of ADRs,routes of administration,drug types,systems involved in ADRs,clinical manifestations and new/severe ADRs were statistically ana lyzed.Results Among 231 cases of ADRs,152 cases were male（ 65. 80%）,and 79 cases were female（ 34. 20%）,the most common primary disease was oral and maxillofacial malignant tumor（ 100 cases,43. 29%）,ADRs frequently occurred in administration of 1 d to 1 week（ 107 cases,46. 32%）,most of the cases were induced by intravenous injection（ 181 cases,78. 35%）,all the cases were involved 8 categories and 44 varieties,antineoplastic drugs ranked the first（ 69 cases,29. 87%）,digestive system involved was the most common（ 138 cases,59. 74%）,total 21 drugs were found to have new ADRs which were not shown in the drug instructions or more severe than description. Conclusion The clinical staffs should consult in detail about the patients＇ allergy history before medication to avoid unnecessary intravenous drugs. The clinical pharmacists should do well in pharmaceutical care and drug consultation in the process of patient medication,pay attention to identify new/severe ADRs,and do a good job in ADR reporting,so as to ensure the patients＇ medication safety and promote the pharmaceutical factory to revise the drug instructions.
出处
《中国药业》
CAS
2018年第2期80-83,共4页
China Pharmaceuticals
关键词
口腔医院
药品不良反应
药品说明书
药物监测
用药安全
合理用药
stomatological hospital
adverse drug reaction
drug instructions
drug monitoring
medication safety
rational drug use
