摘要
【目的】探讨采后外源亚精胺处理对‘早酥梨’黑斑病的控制效果、诱导抗病机制及对其贮藏品质的影响。【方法】以‘早酥梨’为材料,研究外源亚精胺浸泡处理对常温贮藏条件下梨果黑斑病的控制效果;分析测定外源亚精胺处理后果实组织活性氧及其产生或清除相关酶活性和贮藏期间生理和品质指标的变化。【结果】亚精胺能有效地抑制‘早酥梨’黑斑病的扩展,其控制效果存在浓度依赖性,其中1 mmol·L-1亚精胺在5 d时抑制效果最佳,抑制率为55.1%。进一步研究表明,亚精胺处理促进贮藏后期果实组织超氧阴离子()和过氧化氢(H2O2)的积累及NADPH氧化酶(NOX)活性的下降,同时提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)等抗氧化酶的活性。此外,亚精胺处理明显降低果实呼吸强度和乙烯的释放量,并延迟呼吸和乙烯高峰,可有效保持果实的硬度。【结论】适宜浓度的外源亚精胺采后处理可通过调节‘早酥梨’果实活性氧代谢来增强果实的抗病性,进而有效保持梨果的贮藏品质。
[ Objective] ‘Zaosu＇ pear （Pyrus bretchneideri） is one of the important early cultivars grown in the north of China. The fruit is popular due to its green peel, good taste and crispy fleshy texture. However, it is often harvested in the summer and susceptible to postharvest Xosses due to fungal diseases and quality deterioration characterized by peel yellowing and the decrease in soluble solids content. Alternaria rot, caused by Alternaria alternata, is one of the most important diseases of pear fruit and, in general, syn- thetic chemical fungicides are the primary means to control postharvest diseases. However, public con- cern over food safety has prompted the investigation of methods of disease control that are less harmful to human health and the environment. It is of the utmost importance to develop alternatives to the use of chemical fungicides. Polyamines are low molecular weight organic polycations, positively charged with physiological pH, that are present in a wide range of living organisms. In plants, polyamines are involved in different physiological processes, such as growth, development and response to abiotic and biotic stresses. Therefore, the effects of different concentrations of spermidine on black spot control and storage quali- ty of ＇Zaosu＇ pears were evaluated. [ Methods ] A uniform size of ‘Zaosu＇ pear fruits, free of physical injuries or apparent decay, were commercially harvested and chosen as the experimental materials. The fruits were washed in a 2% （φ sodium hypochlorite solution for 2 min, rinsed with tap water and air-dried prior to use. The pear fruit was dipped with 0, 0.5, 1, 2 mmol ·L-1 spermidine for 15 min, and then dried in air for 2 h at room temperature. The control effect of spermidine treatment on the black spots of pear fruit were evaluated and the changes in the content of the reactive oxygen species （ROS）, activities of ROS pro- ducing and scavenging related enzymes and physiological and quality indexes of pear fruits during storage were also me
作者
胡培芳
李永才
马岳岳
毕阳
张婷婷
张彦东
HU Peifang;LI Yongcai;MA Yueyue;BI Yang;ZHANG Tingting;ZHANG Yandong(College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, Chin)
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第2期212-221,共10页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(31460534)
甘肃农业大学青年导师基金(GAU-QNDS-201208)
关键词
'早酥梨’
亚精胺
黑斑病
活性氧代谢
贮藏品质
‘Zaosu＇ pear
Spermidine
Black spot
Reactive oxygen metabolism
Storage quality
