摘要
检测茶叶中黄曲霉毒素(B_1,B_2,G_1和G_2)、伏马霉素(FB_1,FB_2,FB_3)和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇,明确茶叶中的真菌毒素含量范围并为茶叶监管提供依据。采用有机溶剂(0.1%甲酸乙腈溶液)以及80℃热水2种方法提取茶叶中的真菌毒素,利用超高效液相色谱串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)法进行分析测定。黄曲霉毒素B1,G1的线性范围为39.1~5 000 ng·L^(-1),黄曲霉毒素B2,G2的线性范围为117~15 000 ng·L^(-1);伏马霉素(FB1,FB2,FB3)的线性范围为2.44~313 ng·L^(-1);脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的线性范围为3 125~5 000 ng·L^(-1)。所得8种真菌毒素的回归方程均有良好的线性关系(r≥0.999 0),回收率为85.7%~99.6%,相对标准偏差<10%。对20种国际市售茶叶中的8种真菌毒素进行测定,结果显示采用有机溶剂提取法,包括普洱茶、红茶、绿茶在内的多种茶叶产品都不同程度含有微量的真菌毒素,其中黄曲霉毒素B2在6种茶叶产品中被检测到,黄曲霉毒素G_1在3种茶叶中被检测到,伏马霉素FB_1在2种茶叶中被检测到,伏马霉素FB2在一种茶叶中被检测到。而采用热水提取方法,只有一种茶叶产品的茶汤中检测到微量的伏马霉素B_1,B_2,其他各种茶叶的茶汤中均未检出毒素。以上2种方法检出的真菌毒素含量在0.15~7.31μg·kg^(-1),均未超过国际食品安全规定的真菌毒素限量。80℃热水提取模拟实际的饮茶方法,更能准确地检测茶叶中进入茶汤的真菌毒素,适用于茶叶(采用热水冲泡的)饮用产品,而有机溶剂萃取法适用于食用产品中霉菌毒素绝对含量的检测。
To establish a robust method for the determination of mycotoxins in tea samples, and to provide means for the quality and safety control of tea products. Samples of 20 tea products acquired from international market were extracted by organic solvents （acetonitrile containing 0.1% formic acid） or hot water, respectively. The extracts were analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS.A good linear regression was achieved in a range of 39.1 to 5 000 ng·L^-1for aflatoxin B1 （AFB1） and aflatoxin G1 （AFG1）, 117 to 15 000 ng·L^-1 for aflatoxin B2 （AFB2） and aflatoxin G2 （AFG2）, 2.44 to 313 ng·L^-1for fumonisin B1 （FB1）, fumonisinB2 （FB2） and fumonisin B3 （FB3）, and 3 125 to 5 000 ng·L^-1for deoxynivalenol, with recovery rates between 85.7% and 99.6%. The coefficient of the linear equation for all standards was greater than 0.999 0, and the RSD value was less than 10%. Mycotoxins were detected in several tea samples using the two extraction methods but with different outcomes. The levels of mycotoxins detected ranging from 0.15 to 7.31 μg·kg-1 were well below the State or US FDA regulation limits of mycotoxins in food products. Both methods are simple, accurate, and sensitive, and thus, suitable for the quantitative determination of mycotoxins in different food products. The method with the 80℃ hot-water extraction is more appropriate to determine the trace amounts of mycotoxins in tea leaves that are likely to be present in brewed tea liquor, while organic solvent method is more suitable for the detection of mycotoxins in ingestible foods.
出处
《中国中药杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第24期4801-4806,共6页
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica
