摘要
农民工人力资本的提升对中国的产业升级和经济增长有重要作用。本文基于2016年福建省1476个农民工有效样本,应用描述性方法从教育、工作经验、健康和培训等维度对农民工人力资本现状及其群体差异进行全面分析。研究发现,农民工受教育水平普遍较低,多数农民工未接受过大专及以上水平的高等教育,但他们对子女教育却有较高的期望;将近七成的农民工认为子女就学受到歧视,新生代农民工的受歧视感知尤为强烈。农民工平均务工年限将近12年,但一半以上的农民工就业流动性较强,工作经验积累对农民工就业稳定有一定的促进作用。多数农民工健康状况较好,相对于本地农民工,迁移对外出农民工所造成的健康损耗更明显。农民工有较强的参加培训意愿,但也面临较大的经费负担,农民工在培训时间和培训内容偏好上存在明显的群体差异。最后,本文提出提升农民工人力资本水平的政策建议。
The promotion of human capital acquisition of rural-urban migrant workers is very important for industrial upgrading and economic growth in China. Based on effective sample data collected from 1476 migrant workers in Fujian Province in 2016, this article, by employing descriptive statistical methods, explores the status and group differences of their human capital from the aspects of education, work experience, health and training. The results show that migrant workers have very limited educational attainment. Most of them have not received higher education in colleges. However, they have high expectations for the education of their chi/dren. About 70% of rural-urban migrants consider that their children are discriminated in education. The feeling of being discriminated is particularly strong among the new generation migrants. The average number of working years in the sample population is about 12 years, but more than half of sample participants have strong job mobility. The accumulation of work experience can somehow improve their employment stability. Most of sample participants are in good health. Tram-local migrants are more likely to experience deterioration of health status than local migrants. Despite great financial burden, migrant workers in the sample have a strong desire to receive training. Significant group differences exist in preferences for the duration and the content of training. Finally, the study provides a number of policy suggestions to promote the level of human capital acquisition of migrant workers.
出处
《中国农村观察》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第1期111-126,共16页
China Rural Survey
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目"基于社会融入视角的农民工健康及其促进机制研究"(编号:71603052)
教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目"农民工的社会融入及其健康效应研究"(编号:16YJCZH065)
福建省科技厅软科学项目"产业结构升级过程中福建省农民工的人力资本培育途径研究"(编号:2017R0010)的资助
关键词
农民工
人力资本
健康
培训
群体差异
Migrant Worker, Human Capital
Health
Training
Group Difference
