摘要
唐武德二年(619年),中亚罽宾国来朝,进贡宝带、金锁、玻璃碗、水晶杯,以及名为"颇黎"的490枚宝石。我们最近发现,唐初罽宾国五种贡品皆见于西安南郊何家村唐代窖藏,如骨咄玉带、鎏金银锁、凸环纹玻璃碗、八曲水晶长杯,以及红宝石、蓝宝石等。经化学成分检测,这件玻璃碗实乃中亚植物灰玻璃器,而非目前普遍认为的萨珊玻璃器。这个发现还说明,何家村唐代窖藏原为大明宫琼林库皇家宝藏。唐建中四年(783年)爆发"泾原之变",唐德宗被迫离开长安到奉天避难。皇上无法将大明宫琼林库宝物全部带走,不得不将部分金银财宝临时埋藏在长安城兴化坊某地(今西安南郊何家村)。这批仓促埋下的皇家宝藏后来被人遗忘,故一直保留至今。
In 619 AD, the Kapisa kingdom in Central Asia sent diplomats to Chang＇an, the capital city of Tang Dynasty, bringing tributes including jade belts, gold cangues, one glass bowl, one crystal cup and 490 pieces of gemstones. According to our recent research, the five kinds of tributes mentioned in historic records are confirmed by an archaeological excavation of a treasure hoard at the Hejiacun village in the south suburbs of Xi＇an in 1970. This excavation yields many findings, including the jade belts of Khuttal, gilding sliver cangues, a glass bowl with relief decorations, an octagonal cystal cup and 16 pieces of gemstones. Through scientific analysis, the glass bowl from this treasure hoard should be made of plant-ash glass, indicating that this piece should not be Sasanian glassware as considered by many scholars previously. This research further argues that the Tang period treasure hoard of Hejiacun might have been the royal treasures from the Qionglinku storehouse near the Darning Palace of Chang＇an. In 783 AD, because of the Jingyuan garrison rebellion, Emperor Dezong of Tang had to flee to Fengtian from Chang＇an. The whole treasures stored in the Qionglinku storehouse could not be transported with the emperor and a part of them had to be buried near the Xinghua grid of Chang＇an. These royal treasures of Tang China had been forgotten until the recent excavation.
出处
《考古与文物》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第6期94-103,共10页
Archaeology and Cultural Relics
基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目《丝绸之路天山廊道文物古迹调查》的资助,项目批准号15JJD780001
关键词
罽宾国
贡品
何家村窖藏
中亚玻璃碗
大明宫
琼林库
Tributes from Kapisa, the Tang Period treasure of Hejiacun, Central Asian glassware, Royal storehouse of Qionglinku
