摘要
目的 分析2003-2016年大连市水痘病例流行病学特征,为水痘防控工作开展和措施调整提供理论依据.方法 水痘病例、暴发、突发公共卫生事件信息来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统和现场流行病学调查记录,采用SPSS软件对资料进行统计学分析.结果 2003-2016年大连市累计报告水痘33 279例,平均发病率为37.91/10万.15岁以下的小年龄组居民为高危人群,该年龄组病例占总病例数的55.10%.患者仍以学生为主(54.37%),其次为幼托儿童(18.27%).2003年至今,大连市累计报告水痘暴发疫情358起.2005-2016年,1岁组儿童水痘疫苗接种率为23.79%~55.51%.结论 大连市水痘疫苗接种率较低.水痘发病有冬春两个发病高峰,近几年发病率虽有下降趋势,但仍维持在较高水平.需提高目标人群水痘疫苗接种率,降低发病率和暴发疫情起数.
Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Dalian from 2003 to 2016,so as to provide scientific basis for varicella prevention and control.Methods The information of the varicella cases,outbreaks and public health emergency events were collected from China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and epidemiological investigation records.The SPSS software was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics.Results There were 33 279 cases of varicella reported in Dalian from 2003 to 2016.The average incidence rate was 37.91/100 000.The residents ≤ 15 years old were the high risk population,account for 55.10% of all cases.Most of the cases were students (54.37%) and kindergarten children (18.27%).There were 358 varicella outbreaks reported.The varicella vaccination rates were 23.79% to 55.51% from 2005 to 2016 in the population of ≤ 1 year old.Conclusions The vaccination rate was low in Dalian.There were two peak periods in winter and spring,respectively.The varicella incidence rate showed downtrend but the incidence was still too high.We should enhance varicella vaccination to decrease the incidence rate and number of outbreaks.
出处
《国际病毒学杂志》
2017年第6期393-397,共5页
International Journal of Virology
关键词
水痘
流行病学
监测
Varicella
Epidemiological characteristics
Surveillance