摘要
异在论是以"异的共在"为价值追求的新创理论体系,是中西哲学思想会通的新成果。它以"自身与他者"的并建关系为主轴,以异阶性、平阶性、异类间性等一系列新创范畴为范畴群,目的是实现"本体层面"的革新,即为了改变通常的一元本体论的独断格局,在"本体层面"引入"异的存在",弃一元独专而趋求多元共存。异在论的"异在"一词有着黑格尔哲学背景,但对它的重新阐释受到马克思哲学思想的启发,并与马尔库塞、莱维纳斯等人的相关概念的理解运用有别。从价值旨趣上讲,异在论仍是立足于中国先秦时代的"和而不同"理念而予以现代转化所形成的。中国古代的反"同"思想可以概括为"相异相济"、"相异相生"原理。这就是说,必须有"他"的存在,必须借助于"他","自"的存在才能实现出来。在本体论层面,它基于"和实生物、同则不继"等观念,破除过去那种立本体为"孤体"、"独体"的倾向,主张"相异为体"、"相异为本"、"相异立宗",强调"相异相依"、"相异相济"、"相异相和"等。在方法论方面,它基于"乾坤并建"方法论,发挥为"相异并建"原则,反对"独建"其一而派生其余的直线式推演模式,"自身与他者"乃是一立而俱立,立"自"则立"他"。在价值论方面,它基于传统"生生"、"大生"、"广生"等观点,发展为"相异共生"原则,强调"自、他共在"而反对"独生"其一而灭其余的生存观念,警戒"相违",避免"相杀"。
The ＂other-being theory,＂ as a new achievement of Chinese and Western philosophical exchange, is a new theoretical system based on the ＂coexistence in differentiation. ＂ It took the relationship of ＂self and others＂ as the main axis, with a series of new categories such as the different classes, the same class, and the different inter-class, aiming to realize the innovation on the dimension of ontology. That is, in order to change the arbitrary pattern of the monistic ontology, ＂the different existence＂ is introduced into the ＂ontological level＂ in pursuit of coexistence. The phrase ＂other-being＂ is related to Hegel＇s philosophy, but its reinterpretation is inspired by Marx＇s philosophical thoughts and is used to be different from the related concepts of Marcuse, Emmanuel Levinas and others. From the value perspective, ＂other-being theory＂ is the modern transformation based on the concept of ＂harmony in diversity＂ of the pre-Qin era. The Chinese ancient anti-sameness thought can be summed up as the principles of ＂the difference in complementary ways,＂ and ＂the difference in coexistence. ＂ This means that the ＂self＂ existence is relied on the ＂other. ＂ On the ontological dimension, it is based on the thoughts like ＂the newness is fostered in harmony while the similarity does not sustain. ＂ On the methodological dimension, it is based on the methodology of ＂dual emphasis on both qian and kun,＂ setting the principle of ＂keeping difference in co-building. ＂ On the dimension of axiology, it is based on the traditional ideas like ＂life and growth,＂ and developed itself into the principle of ＂the difference of the coexistence,＂ and thus avoided the ＂mutual detoxification. ＂
出处
《复旦学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第6期21-26,共6页
Fudan Journal（Social Sciences）
基金
国家社科基金后期资助项目"比较视域的老子引义"(项目批准号:17FZX026)相关成果
关键词
异在论
异在
和而不同
乾坤并建
生生
other-being theory
other-being
harmony in diversity
dual emphasis on qian-kun
life and growth
