摘要
为探索短时高温胁迫对橡副珠蜡蚧[Parasaissetia nigra(Nietner)]及其天敌副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂(Metaphycus parasaissetiae Zhang and Huang)的影响,本研究在室内观察了橡副珠蜡蚧及其天敌副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂在不同温度(33、36、39、42、45℃)和短时处理(3、6、9 h)下的存活情况。结果表明:随着温度升高和处理时间延长,橡副珠蜡蜡卵的孵化率均逐渐降低,卵经33~42℃的高温胁迫3、6、9 h后其孵化率均高于87.0%,45℃胁迫9 h后仅为14.7%;3龄若虫在36~42℃范围,随温度升高存活率降低,而45℃胁迫6 h和9 h后不能存活;初期成虫在45℃条件下,胁迫6 h后存活率仅为25.0%,胁迫9 h存活率为0。副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂蛹的羽化率随胁迫温度升高和胁迫时间延长而逐渐降低,33~42℃条件下,处理3 h后羽化率均在87.5%以上,处理6 h后,羽化率分别均在81.8%以上,处理9 h后,羽化率均在77.8%以上,当温度升至45℃时,副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂蛹不能羽化;副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂成虫寿命也随胁迫温度升高和时间延长而缩短,42℃胁迫3 h仅为1.00 d,胁迫9 h后约为0.50 d,45℃胁迫3、6、9 h后初羽化雌蜂均很快死亡。橡副珠蜡蚧和副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂对高温均有较强的适应性。
To explore the effect of short-term heating on Parasaissetia nigra and its natural enemy Metaphycus parasaissetiae, their survivals were examined at different temperatures（33, 36, 39, 42, 45 ℃） after 3-, 6-, and 9-hour treatment. The results showed that the egg hatching rate of P. nigra decreased with the temperature and exposure time increasing. The hatching rate was more than 87.0% from 33 to 42 ℃ after 3-, 6-, and 9-hour treatment, and was 14.7% at 45 ℃ after 9 hour treatment. The survival of the third instar nymphs decreased with the temperature increasing at the range of 33 to 42 ℃, they did not survive at 45 ℃ after 6-and 9-hour treatment.The survival of the newly emerged adults treated 6 and 9 hours were 25.0% and 0 respectively at 45 ℃, The eclosion rate pupal M. parasaissetiae decreased with the increase of temperature and exposure time. At the range of33 to 42 ℃, the eclosion rates of the pupae treated 3, 6 and 9 hours were higher than 87.5%, 81.8 and 77.8%respectively. The pupae did not emerge at 45 ℃. The lifespan of M. parasaissetiae adults shortened with the increase of temperature and exposure time. The adults treated 3 and 9 hours can survive 1 d and 0.5 d,respectively. The female adults rapidly die at 45 ℃ after 3-, 6-, and 9-hour treatment. In conclusion,Parasaissetia nigra and M. parasaissetiae had strong adaptability to high temperatures at the range of 33 to 42 ℃.These results will provide some theoretical bases for the utilization of M. parasaissetiae.
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第11期2160-2164,共5页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
国家天然橡胶产业技术体系项目(No.CARS-34-BC2)
南亚办项目(No.16RZBC-15)
热科院创新团项目(No.17CXTD-08)
海南省重点研发项目(No.ZDYF2017041)
关键词
高温
橡副珠蜡蚧
副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂
存活率
High temperature
Parasaissetia nigra
Metaphycus parasaissetiae
Survival
