摘要
研究椰心叶甲啮小蜂(Tetrastichus brontispae Fer.)对寄主的选择性、适宜性和功能反应,结果表明:在温度(25+1)℃,相对湿度(75+5)%,光周期12h(L):12h(D)条件下,椰心叶甲啮小蜂主要选择寄主的预蛹和1,2日龄蛹。选择系数、平均寄生率分别为0.2276,0.2116,0.1951和77.78%,77.22%,66.67%,高于其他日龄蛹。不选择6日龄蛹,末龄幼虫只有近预蛹时才被选择。寄主被寄生后,其虫态、日龄不影响小蜂生长发育历期的长短,而对其出蜂率、出蜂量以及性比影响较大。测定这3项指标,结果表明:寄主的预蛹和1,2日龄蛹最适合啮小蜂的生长发育。其功能反应方程为:Na=0.3388N/(1+0.0715N),其寄生量随寄主密度增加而增高,但寄主密度达一定范围时,寄生量保持一定水平。椰心叶甲啮小蜂自身密度的干扰反应为:a=1.62116P-0.7264,表明随着自身密度的增加,寄生效果下降。因此,在大量培养繁殖或田间释放该蜂时,应选择适当的密度,才能获得较好的防治效果。
As a dominating natural enemy, Tetrastichus brontispae Fer. （Hymenoptera： Eulophidae） plays an important role in natural control of the pest of Brontispa longissima （Gestro） （Coleoptera： Hispidae）, which has been introduced by more than 30 countries or areas. In the laboratory, the host preference, suitability and functional response of T. brontispae to B. longissima were studied. Results showed that, under conditions of （25±1）℃, （75±5） %RH and a photoperiod of 12 h （L）：12 h （D）, selection coefficient and average rate of parasitization were 0.227 6, 0.211 6, 0.195 1 and 77.78 %, 77.22 %, 66.67 % for host prepupae, 1 and 2 day-old pupae, respectively, which were higher than those for other instar pupae. Prepupae of B. longissima were preferred hosts, followed by 1 and 2 day-old pupae. Mature larvae just near to prepupae were selected, and 6 day-old pupae were not selected. Prepupae and pupae of B. longissima become mummies after parasitized. Host suitability studies showed that the developmental time of T. brontispae did not change after parasitizing except for the emergence rate, number of emergence and sex ratio. Determination of these parameters showed that prepupae, 1 and 2 day-old pupae of B. longissima were the most suitable host for T. brontispae development. The functional response of the parasitoid to different densities of the host was calculated as： Na=0.338 8 N/（1 ＋0.071 5 N）, indicating that the parasitoid number increased with the host density, but the parasitoid number kept constant when the host density increased to a certain range. The model of mutual interference of T. brontispae was calculated as： α=1.621 16 P^-0.7264, indicating that the parasitizing effect decreased as the parasitoid density increased.
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
2006年第2期74-77,共4页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
海南省重点科研课题[琼科函(2003)290号]资助
关键词
椰心叶甲啮小蜂
椰心叶甲
选择性
适宜性
功能反应
TetrastichusbrontispaeFer. Brontispalongissima（Gestro） host preference host suitability functionalresponse
