摘要
当前监察制度已成为现代国家政治制度的重要组成部分,其制度雏形在世界各地可追溯到不同历史起源。近代监察制度在瑞典正式诞生,并发展出国际流行的议会监察专员模式。二战以后,西欧及其他地区国家经济发展进入繁荣期,现代政府也出现了机构膨胀和职权扩张的趋势,新兴国家在社会转型中也面临着反腐和保护人权的需求,监察制度在此背景下开始在世界范围内广泛传播,其制度内容、适用范围等在演化发展中,演变出各式各样的监察制度模式。监察制度没有最好的模式,只有最适合的模式,完善和改革监察制度要从本国历史文化传统、政治制度现状和现实政治需求等方面出发,建立适合国情的监察制度,并积极汲取国际监察制度发展的经验教训,积极参与国际监察合作。
The theory about Supervisory power as the fourth branch of power has gradually matured. The ombudsman system has become an important part of modern national political system. The ombudsman system can be traced back to the different historical origins in the world,until the modern supervisory system was born in Sweden. After the World WarⅡ,the development of economy in Western Europe and other regions was booming,and the trend of institutional expansion and authority expansion was taking on. The emerging countries in the transformation are faced with corruption and the protection of human rights,in which the ombudsman system spreaded widely in the world. As a result,the contents,the scope,and the patterns of ombudsman system developed quickly. There is no best but the most suitable mode. We have to reform and improve the ombudsman system from the historical and cultural tradition,political system and political actual situation and so on,to learn from the experience and lessons of the development of international ombudsman system,and to participate in international cooperation.
出处
《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第6期69-77,共9页
Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law
