摘要
通过检索文献、甲骨文、金文和考古资料,对殷商时期丝织业生产组织形式进行了初步研究。在殷商时期,丝织业以族为单位进行生产,且有多支族群从事丝织生产,不同丝织生产族群间已经有了一定的专门化分工。在各生产族群内部,族长及上层贵族掌握着关键性的生产技术,具有丰富的生产经验,社会地位较高;占大多数的族众是丝织生产的主要力量,从事技术含量相对较低的非关键性生产,有一定的生产、生活资料和社会地位,属于平民阶层;还有少数生产者从事与丝织生产相关的技术含量很低,甚至无技术可言的体力劳动,他们没有人身自由和社会地位,属于奴隶身份。此外,殷商王朝还将这些族群置于政府的控制之下,并有相应的管理体系进行管理。这种政府控制下的氏族生产组织形式,在一定程度上促进了丝织业的生产技术创新和发展。
Based on historical documentations, inscriptions on bones or ancient bronze objects, and archaeological da- ta, this paper makes a preliminary exploration on the production organization form of silk weaving industry in Shang Dy- nasty of China. In Shang Dynasty, silk weaving industry was managed by clan-based groups. Multiple clan groups were engaged in this industry, and certain specialization in silk production occurred between different clan groups. In each clan group, the patriarch and the upper nobility were in control of the key production technology, had rich production ex- periences and high social status. Most of the clan members were the main force of silk production, who engaged in non- key production with low technologic content and owned certain production and life materials. These people had medium social status, belonging to plebeians. A small number of other laborers engaged in physical work of silk production with low or no technologic content. They had no personal freedom and social status, belonging to slaves. In addition, the Shang Dynasty put these clan groups under the control of government and established correspondent management sys- tem for administration. Such clan-based production organization form under the control of government had promoted the innovation and development of silk production technology to certain extent.
出处
《蚕业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第5期854-860,共7页
ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(No.17XZS014)
关键词
殷商时期
丝织业
生产组织形式
氏族
The Shang Dynasty
Silk weaving industry
Production organization form
Clan group
