摘要
以籽粒Cd积累能力不同的3个晚稻品种(天优华占、星2号和湘晚籼13号)为材料,分别在pH差异明显(4.86和6.75)但土壤总Cd含量相当(0.3812和0.3878 mg/kg)的两块稻田上开展大田试验,研究晚稻产量构成与稻穗镉累积分配对土壤pH的响应及其品种间差异。结果表明:(1)在酸化稻田上,3个品种产量与有效穗数均显著下降,但每穗实粒数、结实率、千粒重与收获指数的变化在品种间表现不尽相同。(2)稻穗与籽粒各部分Cd含量分别表现枝梗>空粒>实粒、糙米>精米>谷壳的趋势。(3)品种间稻穗和籽粒各部分Cd含量与累积量差异明显,表现天优华占>星2号>湘晚籼13号趋势;稻穗和籽粒各部分Cd含量与稻穗各部分Cd累积量在酸化稻田上均显著提高,但品种间提高幅度差异明显,表现湘晚籼13号>星2号>天优华占趋势。可见土壤酸化显著提高水稻稻穗和籽粒Cd含量与累积量,但水稻品种间稻穗和籽粒Cd含量与累积量及其对土壤酸化的响应差异明显,这为选择适宜品种实现轻度镉污染稻田的水稻安全生产提供了可能。
Field experiments were conducted in two paddy field with different pH,4. 86 and 6. 75,and almost equal total Cd content,0. 3812 and 0. 3878 mg/kg,to study the response of yield components and Cd accumulation and distribution in rice panicle of late rice to soil pH and its varietal difference with 3 late rice varieties with different grain Cd accumulation ability,Tianyouhuazhan,Xing No. 2 and Xiangwanxian No. 13. The results showed that:( 1) In acidified field,the yields and effective panicles of 3 varieties were significantly decreased,while the changes of grains per panicle,seed setting rate,1000-grain weight and harvest index were different among 3 varieties.( 2) Cd contents in different parts of panicle and grain showed the trend of branch > empty grain > filled grain,and brown rice > milled rice > husk,respectively.( 3) Cd contents and accumulation in rice panicles and grains were different among varieties,and which showed trend of Tianyouhuazhan > Xing No. 2 > Xiangwanxian No. 13. The Cd contents in all parts of panicle and grain and Cd accumulation in all parts of panicle were significantly increased in acidified field,while the increasing extents were different among varieties,which showed trend of Xiangwanxian No. 13 > Xing No. 2 > Tianyouhuazhan. These results showed that the Cd contents and accumulation in rice panicle and grain were significantly increased by soil acidification,while the Cd contents and accumulation in rice panicle and grain and their response to soil acidification were different among varieties,which provided the probability to realize rice safety production in slightly Cd pollution paddy field by select suitable rice variety.
出处
《作物研究》
2017年第6期635-639,共5页
Crop Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31171494
31401340)
国家重点研发计划"粮食丰产增效科技创新"重点专项(2017FYD0301500)
湖南省重金属污染耕地修复及农作物种植结构调整试点项目(2015年
2016年)
农业部行业计划项目(201503123-05)
湖南省重大科技专项(2013FJ1008-4)
湖南省教育厅科研项目(17C0771)
关键词
晚稻
土壤PH
产量
镉积累分配
品种
late rice
soil pH
yield
Cd accumulation and distribution
varietal difference
