摘要
【目的】检测新疆南疆阿拉尔市枣园不同时期枣花、枣果上黑斑病菌的带菌量,确定枣果黑斑病的侵入时期和侵入部位,明确防治该病害的关键时期。【方法】在阿拉尔市周边3个枣园分别采集不同时期的枣花、枣果,采用常规组织分离法对其进行分离,并对分离物进行鉴定,用交链格孢菌特异性引物采用实时荧光定量PCR方法,检测不同时期枣花及枣果各部位带菌量。【结果】在不同时期采集的枣花及枣果各部位均分离到了链格孢菌,累计获得276个分离物,经鉴定均为A.alternata;实时荧光定量PCR检测表明,在枣花上就能检测到枣果黑斑病菌,其平均含量为2.11μg/100 mg,在栆果上果肉中链格孢菌含量最高,其中胴部果肉含量最高为20.12μg/100 mg,果柄处果肉为9.34μg/100 mg,胴部果皮11.48μg/100 mg,果柄处果皮为3.84μg/100 mg。【结论】枣果黑斑病菌在红枣开花期就可以感染枣花,病菌可在枣果果肉中大量潜伏侵染,待黑斑病显症时,果肉中已有大量病菌存在,对枣果黑斑病的药剂防治应提前至红枣开花前期。
[ Objective] To clarify different infection periods and infection locations of jujube black spot disease in the Alar area. The hyphae amount of A. alternata in flowers and fruits of jujube was detected with RT - PCR in the hope of providing theoretical basis to predict and control the disease.[ Method] Jujube flow-ers and fruits of different periods in the 3 surrounding orchards in Alar City area were collected and the con-ventional tissue separation method was used to isolate them, after that, these isolates were identified. And the fungi in flowers and fruits at different periods were detected with the specific primers of A. alternata by real - time fluorescence quantitative PCR method. [Result ] A total of 276 isolates were obtained and these isolates were identified as A. alternata by morphological characteristic and （3 - tubulin, EF - 1α gene sequencing anal-ysis. The real - time fluorescence quantitative PCR detection results showed that A. alternata was checked and the amount of A. alternata was 2. 11 （ jLg /100 mg in the flower. The highest amount of A. alternata was checked in sarcocarp of fruit body and amount of fungi was 20. 12 （ μg /100 mg. The amount of A. alternata was 9. 34 （ μg /100 mg in the sarcocarp of fruit body carpopodium. The amount of A. alternata was 11.48 （ μg /100 mg in the pericarp of fruit body and 3.84 μg/100 mg in the carpopodium pericarp.[ Conclusion] Jujube black spot disease pathogens in flowering period can invade flowers. When the disease has appeared, there has been a large number of A. alternata in the sarcocarp of fruit body, so chemical control of it should be advanced to the earlier flowering stage of red jujube.
作者
许瑛
姚兆群
王兰
谢建明
赵思峰
XU Ying YAO Zhao - qun WANG Lan XIE Jian - ming ZHAO Si - feng(Key Laboratory for Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Resource Utilization at Universities of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region/College of Agronomy, Shihezi University, Shihezi Xinjiang 832003, China College of Plant Science , Tarim University, Alar Xinjiang 843300, China Hongshan Farm, 13 th Division , XPCC, Alar Xinjiang 839202, China)
出处
《新疆农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第10期1911-1919,共9页
Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家星火计划"南疆红枣主要病虫害绿色防控技术示范与推广(2015GA891007)"
国家自然科学基金项目"链格孢菌Alternaria alternata对南疆骏枣果实的侵染机制(31660504)"~~
关键词
枣果黑斑病
链格孢菌
RT-PCR
枣花和枣果
jujube black spot disease
Alternaria sp.
RT - PCR
jujube flowers and fruits
