摘要
《联合国宪章》第51条确认了联合国会员国在受到武力攻击时得以行使自卫权的固有权利。然而,恐怖袭击是否构成上述规定所称的"武力攻击",国家是否可以基于对自卫权的行使而对恐怖主义进行跨境打击,在国际社会尚未形成定论。对此,应当认识到,恐怖袭击构成"武力攻击"须满足如下两个条件:第一,恐怖袭击已经发生并且达到了"武力攻击"的规模和后果;第二,恐怖袭击是可归因于国家或交战团体的行为。而倘若恐怖袭击无法归因于一国或交战团体,那么相应的恐怖袭击发动者则难以成为国家通过行使自卫权进行打击的对象。
Article 51 of the UN Charter clearly states its member countries enjoy the inherent right of self-defense if an armed-attack occurs. However, the international community has not given a definite answer to whether the terrorist attacks constitute the ＂armed attack＂ under Article 51 of the UN Charter. Accordingly, it should be noted that whether terrorist attacks constitute an ＂armed attack＂ should meet the following two conditions： 1. terrorist attacks have occurred and reached the scale and consequences of ＂armed attack＂; 2. the terrorist attacks can be attributed to a state or belligerent-community behavior. If the terrorist attacks are difficult to attribute to a state or a belligerent community, terrorist attackers are hard to become the targets of a country＇s exercise of the fight of self-defense.
关键词
自卫权
跨境打击
恐怖主义
武力攻击
Right of Self-Defense
Cross-border Combat
Terrorism
Armed Attack
