摘要
为了筛选高效防治滨海稻区主要真菌病害并对稻米品质影响较小的药剂,利用5种药剂研究其对水稻主要真菌病害的防效及对稻米品质的影响。结果表明,25%吡唑醚菌酯对稻瘟病和稻曲病的防效最高,分别为92.11%和96.37%;75%肟菌·戊唑醇对稻瘟病和稻曲病的防效分别为86.95%和95.62%,略低于25%吡唑醚菌酯;24%噻呋酰胺对纹枯病的防效最高,为89.25%;20%三环唑对3种主要真菌病害的防效最低。施用25%吡唑醚菌酯和75%肟菌·戊唑醇处理的理论产量分别为9 467.22 kg/hm^2和9 204.57 kg/hm^2,显著高于其他药剂处理。各药剂处理有助于提高稻米加工品质,但均导致垩白粒率和垩白度增加,稻米外观品质有所降低。同时,药剂处理也导致直链淀粉和蛋白质含量增加,稻米蒸煮品质降低。除20%三环唑外,25%吡唑醚菌酯和75%肟菌·戊唑醇对稻米蒸煮品质影响相对较小,食味值相对较高。综上,25%吡唑醚菌酯和75%肟菌·戊唑醇是能够保证水稻高产优质的优良药剂。
In order to screen fungicides controlling major fungal diseases effectively and affecting the quality of rice less in coastal region,the effects of 5 fungicides on the major fungal diseases and quality of rice were studied. The results showed that the control efficacy of 25% pyraclostrobin against rice blast and rice false smut was the highest,with 92. 11% and 96. 37% respectively. The control efficacy of 75% trifloxystrobin·tebuconazole against rice blast and rice false smut was 86. 95% and 95. 62%,slightly less than 25% pyraclostrobin. The control efficacy of 24% thifluzamide against sheath blight was best（ 89. 25%）. 20% tricyclazole was the least effective against the major fungal diseases. The theoretical yields of 25% pyraclostrobin and 75% trifloxystrobin·tebuconazole treatments were 9 467. 22 kg/ha and9 204. 57 kg/ha respectively,significantly higher than that of other treatments. Applying fungicides could improve processing quality,however,it resulted in the increase of chalky rate and chalkiness,and the decrease of appearance quality. Use of fungicides also led to the increase of the content of amylose and protein,and reduced rice cooking quality. In addition to 20% tricyclazole,25% pyraclostrobin and 75% trifloxystrobin·tebuconazole affected the rice cooking quality relatively less,and the taste value was higher.In summary,25% pyraclostrobin and 75% trifloxystrobin·tebuconazole were excellent fungicides to ensure high yield and good quality of rice.
出处
《河南农业科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第10期81-85,91,共6页
Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences
基金
辽宁省农业领域青年科技创新人才培养计划(2015034)
国家科技支撑计划(2015BAD01B02)
关键词
水稻
真菌病害
药剂
防效
稻米品质
rice
fungal diseases
fungicides
control efficacy
rice quality
