摘要
目的分析头孢菌素类药物皮肤过敏试验(皮试)的现状,提出可行性建议,为确保用药安全提供参考。方法选取2014-2016年医院整理上报的45例使用头孢菌素类药物出现过敏反应的资料。采用Excel 2003软件进行数据分析和汇总。结果引起不良反应的头孢菌素药物共有6种:头孢唑林3例(6.67%)、头孢硫脒3例(6.67%)、头孢丙烯3例(6.67%)、头孢替安13例(28.89%)、头孢曲松17例(37.78%)、头孢地嗪6例(13.33%)。其不良反应包括皮疹25例(55.56%),胸闷11例(24.44%),呕吐6例(13.33%),血尿3例(6.67%)。统计发现这45例头孢菌素类药物不良反应在用药前均未做皮试试验。结论为减少用药隐患,建议使用头孢菌素类药物前应详细询问患者过敏史,严格按照药品说明书要求谨慎使用。建议国家尽快出台有关头孢菌素类药物过敏性试验规范,减少不良反应的发生。
Objective To analyze the status of the dermal allergic test of cephalosporin antibiotics and bring up feasible suggestion in order to ensure the safe medication.Methods 45 cases of ADR of cephalosporins that were colleted by our hospital from 2014 to 2016,the data were analyzed by Excel 2003.Results There were 6 kinds of cephalosporin drugs：cefazolin in 3 cases（6.67%）,cefathiamidine in 3 cases（6.67%）,cefepime in 3 cases（6.67%）,cefotiam in 13 cases（28.89%）,ceftriaxone in 17 cases（37.78%）,6 cases（13.33%） of cefodizime.The adverse reactions included：rash in 25 cases（55.56%）,chest tightness in 11 cases（24.44%）,vomiting in 6 cases（13.33%）,hematuria in 3 cases（6.67%）.Statistics found that 45 cases of cephalosporin drug adverse drug reactions were not done before skin test.Conclusion Before using cephalosporin antibiotics,detailed history of allergy should be acquired firstly and cephalosporin antibiotics should be used strictly in accordance with package inserts.Suggest countries as soon as possible on the cephalosporin drug allergy test specifications,reduce the incidence of adverse reactions.
出处
《临床合理用药杂志》
2017年第28期9-10,共2页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rational Drug Use
关键词
头孢菌素
不良反应
皮肤过敏试验
Cephalosporin
Adverse drug reaction
Dermal allergic test
