摘要
国际空间法体系主要规范空间碎片减缓措施,对能够切实减少碎片数量的碎片主动移除措施尚未形成统一规定。由于空间碎片的法律概念和所有权、管辖权的规定尚存立法空白,天基空间碎片主动移除可能被视为空间军事活动,进而引发外空军事化的争议以及违反和平利用外层空间原则及禁止使用武力原则的合法性争议。厘清天基碎片主动移除的非军事化界限有助于国际社会统一主动移除的法律定性。对现行的国际空间条约的分析表明,空间碎片具有"潜在有害干扰"的法律特征,会对正常空间活动造成负面影响。因此主动移除碎片应遵循"消除空间碎片对空间活动的危害"的基本准则,据此进行的碎片移除不应属于外空军事化或非法使用武力的范畴。
Currently, international space law system mainly regulated mitigation measures against space debris, but there is no consolidated regulation concerns active debris removal（ADR） measure which could reduce the quantity of space debris dramatically. For the reason of legislative deficiency of legal concept, ownership and jurisdiction of space debris, space-based active removal of space debris might be defined as space military activity, and then rise conflicts regard outer space militarization and legitimate conflicts regard violation of peaceful uses of outer space principle and prohibition of use of force principle. Clarifying the boundary of demilitarization of space-based ADR will contribute to determination of the legal nature of ADR for international community. By analyzing current international space treaties indicated that space debris has its legal feature which would cause ＂potential harmful interference＂. It will have negative effect on regular space activities. So, ADR measure shall follow the basic principle as ＂elimination of hazards to space activities caused by space debris＂. Any space debris removal conducted under this principle shall not be deemed as outer space militarization or illegal use of force.
出处
《北京理工大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
2017年第5期121-127,共7页
Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology：Social Sciences Edition
关键词
空间碎片
碎片减缓
主动移除
外层空间军事化
space debris
space debris mitigation
active debris removal
outer space militarization
