摘要
从视污水为一无是处的废物到认为它全身都是宝,并试图实施全元素回收的认识转变经历了近半个世纪。这种理念的转变显然是基于人类对自身发展模式的逐渐否定,以建立可持续发展的终极目标。于是,污水资源化、能源化成为当今世界污水处理技术发展的主题。其中,以磷回收、碳中和为目的的污水处理技术是近期全球普遍关注的热点。然而,全元素回收的提法也不绝于耳,特别是将磷回收与氮回收相提并论。磷本源与归宿和氮完全不同,前者来源于矿藏,使用后流失于海洋,后者的来源及归宿都是可再生、占大气比例为78%的氮气。显然,污水中氮回收是否在经济上具有效益需要进行技术经济比较。通过对各种污水氮回收技术与传统工业合成氨(氮肥)进行经济比较,确认技术回收氮方式并不经济,其实也非急迫。最经济而又无技术含量的氮回收其实是正在被撇弃的污水农灌。
The variation of concept about wastewater from waste to resource until all elements are attempted to be recovered has passed almost a half century. The change is definitely based on gradually denying the modem pattern of human development, and turning to set up a more sustainable pattern. As a result, recovering resource and energy from wastewater has become a theme globally for developing the technologies of wastewater treatment nowadays. And phosphorus recovery and carbon-neutral operation are two hot topics focused all over the world. However, recovering all elements from wastewater is sometimes mentioned by some domestic experts, and even nitrogen recovery is comparable to phosphorus recovery. Actually, the origin and fate ,of phosphorus are comes from P-mines and gradually flows into the ocean the atmosphere covery in covering （with renewable N2 up to 78% in the economy needs to be evaluated before taking totally different from those of nitrogen, the former after usage, the latter origins from and returns to composition）. Obviously, the feasibility of N-reaction. After evaluating available technologies renitrogen and comparing them with industrial synthetic ammonia process for producing nitrogen fertilizer, it is confirmed that technical N-recovery is not economical and actually is not urgent either. The most economical N-recovery with little technical input should in fact be wastewater irrigation which is being abandoned by farmers and governments.
出处
《中国给水排水》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第20期28-33,共6页
China Water & Wastewater
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51578036)
北京"未来城市设计高精尖中心"项目(2017)
关键词
污水脱氮
氮回收
工业合成氨
经济效益
鸟粪石
污水衣灌
nitrogen removal from wastewater
nitrogen recovery
industrial synthetic ammo-nia
economic benefit
struvite
wastewater irrigation
