摘要
传统的湿法炼锌过程中,在热酸浸出阶段会产生大量的铅银渣,由于湿法冶炼的工艺特点,锌精矿中的铅银金属矿物经过焙烧、浸出工序后几乎全部富集在铅银渣中。铅银渣矿虽含有较高品位的铅锌银,但由于渣中矿物组成复杂,有价矿物嵌布粒度较细且被脉石矿物和铁酸锌包裹等特点,常规方法难以有效回收铅银渣中的有价金属,造成了资源的浪费。采用湿法冶金的方法研究"酸性浸出-氯化浸出"的异步浸出工艺从铅银渣中浸出锌、铅银影响因素,结果表明:以硫酸作为酸性浸出剂,铅银渣在浸出时间80 min,浸出浓度200 g·L^(-1),初酸浓度为200 g·L^(-1),浸出温度90℃的条件下进行酸性浸锌后,以硫酸和氯化钠为氯化浸出剂,将滤渣按照氯化钠浓度300 g·L^(-1),浸出时间120 min,浸出浓度200 g·L^(-1),初酸浓度60 g·L^(-1),浸出温度90℃的条件进行氯化浸出铅银,最终可得到尾渣产率为51.84%,尾渣中含锌0.21%,含铅0.46%,含银38.50 g·t^(-1),锌、铅和银的浸出率分别为92.15%,94.88%和93.24%的指标。
In traditional zinc hydrometallurgy process,a large amount of Pb-Ag residue was produced at high temperature acid leaching stage. Due to the characteristics of this process,most of the lead and silver metal in zinc concentrate remained in the Pb-Ag residue after roasting and acid leaching of zinc concentrate. Although Pb-Ag residue contained high grade of lead and silver,giving its complex mineral composition,relatively fine disseminated particle size of valuable minerals and that the valuable minerals encapsulated by gangue minerals and zinc ferrite,the recovery of valuable metals from Pb-Ag residue was difficult by conventional methods. Thus the method of wet metallurgy was adopted for the recovery of valuable metals from Pb-Ag residue. Asynchronous leaching process was studied by using acid-chlorination leaching to recover zinc,lead and silver. Test results showed that the yield rate of 51. 84% for tail residue was obtained with the process as follows. In the acid leaching stage,the conditions were that leaching concentration was 200 g·L（-1）,initial acid concentration was 200 g·L（-1）,leaching time was 80 min and temperature was 90 ℃; and in the chlorination leaching stage using the filter residue from the acid leaching,the conditions were that sodium chloride concentration was 300 g·L（-1）,leaching concentration was 200 g·L（-1）,initial acid concentration was 60 g·L（-1）,leaching time was 120 min and temperature was 90 ℃. Finally,the tail residue contained zinc 0. 21%,lead 0. 46%,silver 38. 50 g·t（-1）,with the leaching rates of 92. 15%,94. 88%,93. 24%,respectively.
作者
李国栋
林海
董颖博
王鑫
张悦
Li Guodong Lin Hai Dong Yingbo Wang Xin Zhang Yue(School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China Northwest Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Baiyin 730900, China)
出处
《稀有金属》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第10期1143-1150,共8页
Chinese Journal of Rare Metals
基金
国家科技部高技术研究发展计划项目(2012AA062402)资助
关键词
铅银渣
异步浸出
酸性浸出
氯化浸出
Pb-Ag residue
asynchronous leaching
acid leaching
chlorination leaching
