摘要
20世纪80年代中期以来,我国扶贫政策从单纯的"输血式"逐步转向"造血式"。不同的"造血式"扶贫方式存在各自的优势与不足。构建一个简单理论模型,剖析资本补贴和小额信贷这两类"造血式"扶贫方式和资金配套机制对农户收入的影响及其机理,并通过"倾向得分匹配双差分法"进行实证检验。结果表明,小额信贷对贫困村农户增收具有积极的促进作用,资本补贴的影响则很弱;引入资金配套机制不仅显著增加了贫困村农户人均纯收入,也明显改善了资本补贴的扶贫效果。总体上看,农村发展扶贫项目通过融合"自上而下"和"自下而上"两种扶贫机制,增强村级民主,提高了扶贫瞄准度及其效果,对于精准扶贫政策的优化设计具有良好启示。
Since the mid-1980s,poverty alleviation polices have gradually shifted from simple'blood transfusions'to'blood-formation.'Each'blood-formation'mode of poverty alleviation has its own advantages and disadvantages.We have constructed a simple theoretical model to analyze the effect upon the incomes of rural households of two'blood-formation'poverty alleviation modes and the counterpart funding arrangements of capital subsidies and microcredit,together with the mechanisms by which these take effect,and have carried out an empirical PSM and DID test.As the results show,microcredit has a positive role in increasing the incomes of impoverished rural households,but capital subsidies have less effect.The introduction of counterpart funding mechanisms not only significantly boosts the per capita net incomes of impoverished rural households but clearly enhances the poverty alleviation effect of capital subsidies.Overall,by integrating'top down'and'bottom up'poverty alleviation mechanisms and boosting village-level democracy,poverty alleviation rural development projects have enhanced the targeting and effectiveness of poverty alleviation and offer promise for the optimization of precise poverty alleviation.
出处
《中国社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第9期68-89,共22页
Social Sciences in China
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(71533006)
面上项目(71673279)
青年项目(71403276)的阶段性成果
