摘要
以北京聚福苑小区为原型,基于ENVI-met构建八种不同中心绿地布局的高层住宅小区模型,对其在典型夏季晴天中多个时刻1.50 m处微气象特征进行模拟分析。结果表明,八种中心绿地布局下的高层住宅小区气温和相对湿度差异显著,而风速却无显著差异。其中,中心绿地为一整块绿地和绿地中间建有中心广场的布局方式,相比于其他在中心绿地建设小路的布局,具有明显的降温和增湿作用,气温平均下降0.80℃,相对湿度平均增加29.79%。中心绿地南北方向的小路对温度斑块具有明显的分割作用,而东西方向的小路并没有;小路越多越密集,越有助于降低中心绿地高温斑块面积。下垫面类型对温度、相对湿度和风速有影响。该结果可为相同气候带中类似的城市住宅区的景观规划提供一定的理论支撑。
In the case study for Beijing Jufuyuan residential community, a typical high-rise residential model with eight different central green layouts was built in ENVI-met, in which 15 receptors were made at the same position in every layout. The spatial distribution of temperature, relative humidity and wind speed at 1.5 m above ground were simulated and compared with measured data at different times on a typical clear day in summer. Results showed that there were significant differences in temperature and relative humidity among each layout while no significant differences were found in wind speed. The layouts with a whole lawn in the central or the lawn equipped with square in the center, had a better effect on decreasing temperature and increasing relative humidity compared with other layouts in which contained some roads. The average decreasing temperature and increasing relative humidity in this two kinds of layouts were 0.80 ℃ and 29.79%, respectively. In addition, the North-South direction paths split the temperature patches, however, it did not happen on East-West path. The more dense the paths in the central green spaces, the better the cooling effect. Different underlying surface types strongly influenced the result of temperature, relative humidity and wind speed. The block public lawn had significant differences from central green space, district roads and paths near buildings. The results will provide scientific support for landscape planning in the similar urban residential area under similar climate zone.
出处
《生态科学》
CSCD
2017年第4期202-209,共8页
Ecological Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(41571482
41171442)资助
关键词
微气象
数值模拟
ENVI-met
下垫面
北京
micrometeorology
numerical simulation
ENVI-met model
underlying surface
Beijing
