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合肥市主城区PM_(2.5)时空分布特征研究 被引量:21

Study on the Spatial-temporal Distribution Characteristics of PM_(2.5) in Hefei Urban Areas
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摘要 城市PM_(2.5)时空分布特征研究对改善空气质量具有重要意义。利用2016年1月1日—2016年12月31日合肥市主城区10个国控空气质量监测站PM_(2.5)浓度、土地开发强度、道路交通等数据,基于Arcgis空间分析平台,探讨合肥市主城区PM_(2.5)时空分布特征及其与土地开发强度、道路交通的关系,可为地方政府改善空气质量提供科学依据。结果表明:(1)合肥市主城区PM_(2.5)浓度季节差异显著,由高到低依次为冬季、春季、秋季和夏季,秋、冬季PM_(2.5)浓度波动较大,而春、夏季PM_(2.5)浓度比较稳定;(2)污染天数呈现春冬多、夏秋少的规律,1月、2月、3月、11月和12月的污染天数比例均超过50%,重度以上污染天气主要出现在春冬季节,严重污染天气暂未出现;(3)1月PM_(2.5)浓度空间分布呈现"双峰多谷"的规律,庐阳区和滨湖新区是PM_(2.5)浓度高峰区,属于轻度污染;7月PM_(2.5)浓度空间分布呈现"双峰双谷"的规律,庐阳区和包河区是PM_(2.5)浓度高峰区,属于良好;(4)合肥市主城区PM_(2.5)浓度与绿地率、主干路长度和容积率有较强关联性;绿地率与PM_(2.5)浓度呈显著负相关,容积率与PM_(2.5)浓度有一定正相关关系,土地利用性质和其他因素综合影响PM_(2.5)浓度;交通流量大的主干路与PM_(2.5)浓度存在正向关系。中心城区通过增加公共绿地空间、合理控制容积率,加强公共交通和电动汽车的使用,可达到改善空气质量的目的。 It is very meaningful for improving air quality of PM2.5 distribution characteristics research. Based on the PM2.5 data of 10 national monitoring sites in Hefei urban area from January 2016 to December 2016, we found the spatial and temporal distribution characteristic of PM2.5 and their relationships with land development intensity and transport. The results showed that, (1) The seasonal difference of PM2.5 concentration in Hefei urban area was significant, it decreased in the order of winter, spring, autumn and summer, it was fluctuant in winter and autumn, and stable in summer and spring. (2) The polluted days were more in spring and winter, there were more than 50% polluted days in January, February, March, November and December. (3) The spatial distribution of PM2.5 concentration in January showed double singles-more peaks, high-value areas were Luyang and Binhu, which were slightly polluted districts, the spatial distribution of PM2.5 concentration in July showed double singles-peaks, high-value areas were Luyang and Baohe, which were non-polluted districts. (4) There was a positive relationship between PM2.5 concentration and green land ratio, arterial road length, plot ratio. It showed the negative correlation of PM2.5 concentration and green land ratio, and positive correlation especially of plot ratio and PM2.5 concentration, land use and other factors had a comprehensive influence for PM2.5 concentration, there was a positive correlation of arterial road and PM2.5 concentration. If we make more public green space, rational plot ratio, public transport and electric car, the air quality would be improved.
作者 顾康康 祝玲玲 GU Kangkang;ZHU Lingling(School of Architecture & Planning,Anhui Jianzhu University,Hefei 230022,China;Research Center of Urbanization Development in Anhui Province,Hefei 230022,China)
出处 《生态环境学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2018年第6期1107-1112,共6页 Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金 2018年度安徽省教育厅高校自然科学重点项目(KJ2018A0504) 2017年安徽省教育厅高校优秀青年人才支持计划项目(gxyq ZD2017061)
关键词 PM2.5 时空分布 土地开发强度 道路交通 合肥市主城区 PM2.5 temporal-spatial distribution land development intensity road traffic Hefei urban area
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