摘要
为油梨果肉油脂开发和品质育种奠定基础,采用索氏提取法和气质联用法对国内油梨品种(系)RN-1、RN-5、RN-11、RN-12、RN-15、RN-16和国外品种Hass等果肉的含油量和脂肪酸成分进行测定,并进行相关性与聚类分析。结果表明:7个油梨品(系)果肉含油量为5.04~8.75g/100g FW,且差异显著(P<0.05),其中RN-5的含油量最高,达8.75g/100g;果肉均含有8种脂肪酸成分,在大部分油梨品种(系)间差异显著(P<0.05),相对含量为棕榈酸(30.87%)>油酸(29.48%)>亚油酸(26.58%)>棕榈油酸(9.96%)>亚麻酸(1.30%)>硬脂酸(1.16%)>花生酸(1.02%)>肉豆蔻酸(0.23%)。不饱和脂肪酸相对含量为62.80%~70.60%,其中油酸相对含量大于30%的品种(系)3个,为RN-1、RN-15和RN-16;亚油酸相对含量大于25%的4个,为RN-1、RN-5、RN-12、RN-15和RN-16;棕榈油酸相对含量大于10%的3个,为RN-5、RN-11和Hass。亚麻酸与花生酸的相对含量呈极显著正相关,肉豆蔻酸与亚油酸呈显著正相关。基于8种脂肪酸成分相对含量聚类,RN-1、RN-5、RN-11、RN-16和Hass聚为一组,RN-12和RN-15各为一组。油梨果肉具有较高含油量和适宜的脂肪酸含量,其中RN-5在油脂开发和品质育种上具有较好的开发利用前景。
In order to offer foundation for the development of avocado pulp oil and breeding for quality,internal avocado varieties（lines）,including RN-1,RN-5,RN-11,RN-12,RN-15and RN-16,and foreign varieties（Hass）were chosen to study the oil content and fatty acid composition in pulp by soxhlet extraction method and gas phase chromatography,and their correlation and cluster analysis.The results demonstrated that there were significant differences in oil content among seven accessions（P〈0.05）,from 5.04g/100g FW to 8.75g/100g FW,and oil content of RN-5 8.75g/100g was the highest.eight kinds of the same fatty acids were detected in all the tested avocado,and the significant differences in composition were observed among most of the accessions（P〈0.05）.The relative content showed as palmitic acid（30.87%）oleic acid（29.48%）linoleic acid（26.58%）palmitoleic acid（9.96%）linolenic acid（1.30%）stearic acid（1.16%）arachidic acid（1.02%）myristic acid（0.23%）.The relative content of unsaturated fatty acid was from 62.80%to 70.60%.The relative oleic acid content of RN-1,RN-15and RN-16were more than 30%.The relative linoleic acid content of RN-1,RN-5,RN-12,RN-15and RN-16surpassed 25%.Relative palmitoleic acid content of three kinds of avocado accessions were over 10%,including RN-5,RN-11and Hass.Correlation analysis displayed that the linolenic acid was highly significantly positively correlated with the arachidic acid,and myristic acid was significantly positively correlated with the linoleic acid among the eight kinds of fatty acids in avocado pulp.The seven avocado accessions could be divided into three clusters based on the relative content of the eight fatty acids in avocado pulp by cluster analysis.The first cluster included RN-1,RN-5,RN-11,RN-16and Hass,and RN-12and RN-15stood for the other two clusters respectively.It could be concluded that avocado pulp contained high oil content and suitable fatty acid content,and RN-5had a good prospect of development and utilization in oil developme
出处
《贵州农业科学》
CAS
2017年第8期104-108,共5页
Guizhou Agricultural Sciences
基金
农业部物种资源保护(农作物)项目"热带珍稀野生果树资源调查
收集与评价"(1251416305010)
海南省自然科学基金项目"基于脂肪酸指纹图谱的油梨品质相关研究"(20163096)
中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项资金项目"贵州兴义油梨品种筛选及高效生产技术研发与集成示范"(2017125141)
关键词
油梨
含油量
脂肪酸成分
相关性
聚类分析
Persea americana
oil content
fatty acid composition
correlation
cluster analysis
