摘要
为了在降低黑索今(RDX)机械感度的同时提高其热分解性能,以四甲氧基硅烷为前驱物,氟硼酸为催化剂,用溶胶-凝胶法制备了RDX-Al质量分数分别为30%、50%、70%(RDX与Al质量比均为6∶1)的三种RDX/Al/SiO_2纳米复合含能材料。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)及X-射线衍射(XRD)对其形貌及结构进行了表征;用热重分析(TG)、差示扫描量热(DSC)研究了样品的热性能;按GJB772A-1997的方法测试了样品的机械感度。结果表明:RDX/Al/SiO_2是以SiO_2为凝胶骨架,Al与RDX进入到凝胶骨架中形成的纳米复合含能材料;该复合材料中RDX的最小平均粒径为65.09 nm,且其粒径随RDX-Al含量的增加而增大;当RDX-Al的质量分数为30%时,与纯RDX相比,该复合材料中RDX的分解温度较纯RDX提前22.4℃,与原料RDX相比,样品的特性落高提高108.6 cm,爆炸百分数降低60%。
To reduce the mechanical sensitivity of RDX and improve its thermal decomposition performance, three kinds of RDX/ AI/SiO2 nano-composite energetic materials of RDX/AI mass fraction as 30%, 50% and 70% respectively （the mass ratio of RDX to AI is 6 ： 1 ） were prepared by sol-gel method using tetramethoxysilane as precursor and fluorine boric acid as catalyst. Their morphology and structurre were characterized by scanning electron microscopy（ SEM）; energy dispersive spectrometer（EDS） and X-ray diffraction （ XRD ）. Thermal performances of the samples were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis （ TG ） and differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）. The mechanical sensitivity of the samples was measured according to GJB772A-1997 method. The results show that the RDX/AI/SiO2 is the nano-composite energetic material formed by the AI and RDX into the skeletonn of gel as SiO2. The minimum particle size of RDX in composite material is 65.09 nm, with increasing the RDX-AI content, its aver- age particle size increases. When the mass fraction of RDX-AI is 30% , compared with the pure RDX,the decomposition tempera- ture of RDX in the composite material decreases by 22.4℃, compared with the raw material RDX, the characteristic drop height （Hso） of the sample increases by 108.6 cm and the percentage of explosion decreases by 60%.
出处
《含能材料》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第8期656-660,共5页
Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials
