摘要
以番茄为试材,采用田间试验的方法,研究了膜下暗灌(G1)、膜下滴灌(G2)、隔沟交替灌溉(G3)和普通沟灌(G4)4种灌水方式对塑料大棚番茄植株生长、产量和水分利用效率的影响,以期筛选出适合当地番茄的灌溉方式。结果表明:G1、G3和G4 3种灌溉方式较G2灌水方式均显著提高了番茄株高和茎粗。G2灌水量最少,为1 146m^3·hm^(-2),G3次之为1 601m^3·hm^(-2),G1和G4 2种灌水方式灌水量最大,约为2 000m^3·hm^(-2)。G2、G3较G4灌水方式分别节水44.2%和22.1%。G2灌水利用效率最高为48.1kg·m^-3,G1、G4最低为27kg·m^-3。与其它灌溉方式相比,G3显著增加了番茄地上部和地下部干质量;而普通沟灌根系干质量最小,根/冠比最低。综上可见,膜下滴灌和隔沟交替灌溉在不降低产量的前提下,可显著降低灌水量,提高灌水利用效率,为塑料大棚番茄合适的灌水方式。
Tomato was used as material,a field experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different irrigation methods on tomato growth,yield and water use efficiency under plastic greenhouse.Four irrigation methods were set,respectively,for furrow irrigation under mulch（G1）,drip irrigation under mulch（G2）,alternative furrow irrigation（G3）and common furrow irrigation（G4）in order to select suitable irrigation way for local tomato.The results indicated that the irrigation amount was the least in G2（1 146m^3·hm^-2）.G3（1 601m3·hm^-2）took the second place.The irrigation amount for G1 and G4was 2 000m3·hm^-2.Compared with G4,G2 and G3decreased water amount by 44.2%and 22.1%,respectively.Compared with G2,the irrigation methods of G1,G3 and G4significantly increased plant height and stem diameter of tomato.The G2 had the highest water use efficiency（WUE）48.1kg·m-3,and the lowest was in G1 and G4（about 27kg·m-3）.Compared with other irrigation methods,G3 significantly increased the dry weight of stem,leaf and root.While the G4 had the lowest root dry weight and root/shoot ratio.Therefore,G2 and G3on the basis of raising the WUE and reducing irrigation amount were suitable for tomato cultivating under plastic greenhouse.
出处
《北方园艺》
CAS
北大核心
2017年第16期75-79,共5页
Northern Horticulture
基金
国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2014BAD14B00)
陕西省科学院重点及产业化资助项目(2013K-03)
渭南市2016年科技计划资助项目(2016KYN-18)
关键词
灌水方式
番茄
产量
水分利用效率
irrigation methods
tomato
yield
water use efficiency
