摘要
抽水蓄能是电网调峰的有效手段之一,当今世界抽水蓄能机组的发展方向是高水头化、大容量化和高转速化。按照机组类型,抽水蓄能机组可分为四机分置式、三机串联式和二机可逆式机组,其中由可逆水泵水轮机和发电电动机组成的二机可逆式机组是目前的主流结构。我国抽水蓄能电站建设于20世纪90年代后步入发展快车道,目前电站的整体设计、制造和安装已达到国际先进水平。随着分布式能源的开发利用和智能电网的发展,分布式储能成为新的发展趋势,而分布式抽水蓄能将成为值得广泛推广的技术。小型抽水蓄能既可以与大型抽水蓄能实现优势互补,也可以独立协调各种分布式电源,解决分布式能源和微电网系统供电质量差、可靠性低等问题,具有工程位置灵活、投资少、见效快、对输电线路要求较低以及能够较好解决个别单位和部门峰荷需要等优点。国内外已经开展了小型抽水蓄能电站的研究、实施和工程应用,积累了可供借鉴的宝贵经验。高水头混流式水泵水轮机技术是当前的研究热点,主要集中在500~700m高水头水泵水轮机的研究,涉及水力性能、结构性能以及试验等。如果国家能够建立起有效机制,充分调动地方和企业投资小型抽水蓄能电站建设的积极性,那么它将具有广阔的发展前景。
Pumped hydro energy storage （PHES） is one of the effective methods for power grid peak shav- ing,and the development direction of PHES unit is large capacity ,high water head and high revolving speed. According to the unit type,PHES unit can be divided into four parts split unit,three parts tandem unit and two parts reversible unit,and two parts reversible unit consisting of reversible pump-turbine and generator- motor is the mainstream structure at present.The construction of PHES power station in China has developed rapidly since the 1990s,and now the overall design,manufacture and installation of power station has reached the international advanced level.With the exploitation and utilization of distributed energy and the development of smart grids,distributed energy storage has become a new developing trend,and distributed PHES will be- come a technology worth popularizing widely.Small-scale PHES can not only combine with large-scale PHES to achieve advantage complementation,but also independently coordinate various distributed generation to solve the poor reliability and quality problems of distributed energy and micro power grid.It has advantages of flex- ible project location,low investment,quick results and low requirements for transmission line,and can meet the peak load demand of some companies and departments.The research,implementation and engineering ap- plication of small-scale PHES power station have been carried out both at home and abroad,and valuable experience has been accumulated for reference.Mixed-flow pump-turbine with high water head is a research hotspot at present,and the research mainly focuses on 500~700m high water head,involving hydraulic perfor- mance,structure performance and test.If an effective mechanism can be established to fully arouse the enthu- siasm of local departments and enterprises for investment in the construction of small-scale PHES power sta- tions ,small-scale PHES technology will have wide development prospect.
出处
《中外能源》
CAS
2017年第8期87-93,共7页
Sino-Global Energy
基金
国家自然科学基金国家(地区)合作交流项目(项目编号:51611130201)
国家国际科技合作专项项目(项目编号:2014DFA60600)的资助~~
关键词
小型抽水蓄能
分布式能源
储能
水泵水轮机
高水头
电网调峰
small-scale pumped hydro energy storage
distributed energy
energy storage
pump-turbine
highwater head
power grid peak shaving
