摘要
膀胱癌是我国最常见的泌尿系统恶性肿瘤,其治疗费用居实体肿瘤首位。目前临床上最常用的检查方法为尿脱落细胞学和膀胱镜检查,但尿脱落细胞学检查敏感性较低,且受主观因素影响较大;而膀胱镜检查具有创伤大、患者依从性低的特点,且难以发现微小肿瘤灶。因而寻找高敏感性的无创诊断方法具有重要的临床意义。尿液肿瘤标志物具有安全、简单、无创的诊断优势,且具有重要的临床价值。近年来研究者致力于寻找高敏感性、高特异性的尿液肿瘤标志物,如膀胱肿瘤相关抗原、核基质蛋白22、膀胱特异性蛋白4等,以提高膀胱癌诊断率。
Bladder cancer is the most common urologic malignant neoplasm in China, for which the treatment is the most costly among solid tumors. Nowadays, the most commonly used clinical examination for bladder cancer is urinary cytology and cystoscopy. However, urinary cytology has low sensitivity, and it is more influenced by subjective factors. Cystoscopy causes trauma, has low patient compliance, and has low detectability of micro-bladder cancer. Therefore, finding highly sensi- tive noninvasive diagnostic method has great clinical significance. Urine tumor markers have the advantages of good safety, convenience and noninvasiveness, which have important clinical value. In recent years, researchers are committed to search- ing for urine tumor markers of high sensitivity and specificity such as bladder tumor antigen, nuclear matrix protein 22, blad- der cancer specific nuclear matrix protein-4 and so on, to improve the diagnostic rate of bladder cancer.
出处
《医学综述》
2017年第15期2954-2958,共5页
Medical Recapitulate
基金
国家自然科学基金(81402123)
