摘要
目的分析深圳市福田区病毒性肝炎流行特征,为有针对性采取预防和控制措施提供科学依据。方法运用流行病学方法分析从深圳市福田区法定传染病疫情报告系统收集的福田区1985-2015年间病毒性肝炎病例资料。结果1985-2015年深圳市福田区累计报告病毒性肝炎17 968例,年均发病率为90.9/10万,发病率最高峰为1987年(223.7/10万)。甲肝和急性乙肝发病率自1990年和1991年开始逐年下降,但慢性乙肝病例数量一直处于高位波动。丙肝发病率与艾滋病相伴而行,自2004年起呈上升趋势。戊肝自分型(1996年)以来,发病率波动不大。甲肝1989-1993年期间呈现显著的春季高峰(3-5月),其它类型肝炎无明显季节性。各型肝炎均以男性发病较多。乙肝发病高峰年龄为20~<30岁,甲肝、丙肝和戊肝为30~<40岁。甲肝发病(1989-2005年)和乙肝发病(1989-2008年)由早期以工人和学生为主,逐渐转变为以从事家务和商业工作的人群为主,丙肝和戊肝未发现明显的职业分布特点。结论福田区在1990年前后出现了肝炎流行,特点是以甲肝和乙肝为主。目前,福田区甲肝、急性乙肝和戊肝发病率均较低,但慢性乙肝病例数量大,丙肝呈现快速增长趋势,需要有针对地采取综合性防控措施,以遏制乙肝和丙肝的流行。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of viral hepatitis in Futian District of Shenzhen City so as to provide a basis for adopting targeted prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data concerning viral hepatitis cases reported by the Notifiable Disease Reporting System of Futian District, Shenzhen City during 1985-2015. Results A total of 17,968 cases of viral hepatitis were reported accumulatively in Futian District, Shenzhen City during 1985-2015, with an average annual incidence rate of 90.9/100,000. The incidence rate was the highest in 1987 （223.7/100,000）. The incidence rates of hepatitis A and acute hepatitis B had decreased gradually since 1990 and 1991 respectively. However, the number of chronic hepatitis B cases had been keeping fluctuating at a high level. The incidence rates of hepatitis C and AIDS had showed the same rising tendency since 2004. The incidence rate of hepatitis E had remained stable since 1996. Hepatitis A showed a seasonal peak in spring （from March to May） during 1989- 1993. No obvious seasonal distribution was found in other hepatitis. Males had higher incidence rates in each type of viral hepatitis. The peak age for onset of hepatitis B was 20-〈 30 years, while the peak age for onset of hepatitis A, C and E was all 30-〈40 years. The cases of hepatitis A （during 1989-2005） and hepatitis B （during 1989-2008） were mainly workers and students, and then homemakers and commercial staff became the main source. No obvious occupational distribution features were observed in hepatitis C and E. Conclusions The epidemics of viral hepatitis occurred in Futian District around the year 1990, with hepatitis A and B as the main types. Currently, the incidence rates of hepatitis A, acute hepatitis B and hepatitis E are all low, but the number of chronic hepatitis B cases is large. The incidence rate of hepatitis C presents a rapidly rising trend. Targeted and comprehensive prevention and control measures sho
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2017年第9期1055-1058,共4页
Practical Preventive Medicine
基金
深圳市科技计划基础研究项目(JCYJ20160428152017475)
关键词
病毒性肝炎
流行特征
发病率
viral hepatitis epidemiological characteristic incidence rate
