摘要
以白云鄂博稀土尾矿存放地包钢尾矿库南侧湿地土壤为研究对象,以相对无污染的昭君岛黄河湿地和小白河黄河湿地自然保护区为对照样地,在不同深度进行采样,研究了As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn的累积效应和富集特征,并利用单因子污染指数、内梅罗综合污染指数、土壤污染负荷指数法进行污染程度评价,利用潜在生态风险指数法进行生态风险评价。结果表明:湿地土壤中重金属元素Cd、As、Pb、Cr和Ni均超过背景值,As元素超过了《土壤环境质量标准》(GB15618—1995)中二级标准;单因子污染指数评价显示As、Cd对尾矿库周边土壤造成了严重污染;内梅罗综合污染指数评价结果显示所有样点土壤均为重度污染,其中尾矿库湿地土壤污染程度明显高于黄河湿地的;土壤污染负荷指数显示在尾矿库采样点耕作层(0~40 cm)土壤污染程度为重度,黄河湿地采样点为中度;整体而言,土壤重金属潜在生态风险随着深度的增加而降低,表层土壤重金属潜在风险最高。
The wetland soil on the south side of Baotou Steel tailings reservoir inBayan Obo fine soil tailing storage area was studied,while Xiaobaihe and Zhaojundao wetlands of the Yellow River in Baotou,a relatively unpolluted area was chosen as a control plot. The enrichment characteristics and the cumulative effect of metals （ As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb and Zn） were studied in different depths. The pollution level was assessed by using single factor index,comprehensive pollution index and pollution load index and ecological risk was assessed by using ecological risk index. The results show that the contents of heavy metals （ Cd,As, P b,Cr and Ni） in wetland soil are exceeded the national background values in different degrees. The As contents is exceeded the national secondary standard （ GB 15618-1995） . The pollution of Cd and As in tailing wetland soils is serious. All of the soils show heavily pollution levels based on the Nemero index. The soil pollution levels of rare earth tailings wetland are significantly higher than that of the Yellow River wetlands. While the soil pollution load index shows that the tillage layer （ 0-40 cm） soil pollution levels in W1 and W2 are polluted severely, while that in H1 and H2 are polluted moderately. The po-tential ecological risk of heavy metals in the surface soil is higher than that in other soil layers.
出处
《人民黄河》
CAS
北大核心
2017年第8期71-75,89,共6页
Yellow River
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(31460142)
环保部公益性行业科研专项(201309005)
内蒙古自然科学基金资助项目(2014BS0311
2015MS0332)
内蒙古科技大学创新基金资助项目(2014QDL006)
