摘要
文章采用常温酸化法,以氯化钙和浓硫酸为原料,乙醇-水为混合溶剂,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为晶型控制剂,室温条件下大规模制备了纳米硫酸钙晶须。用X-射线衍射仪(X-ray diffraction,XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(field emission scanning electron microscopy,FESEM)和高分辨透射电子显微镜(high resolution transmission electron microscopy,HRTEM)等对所制备的样品进行表征。实验结果表明:反应温度、氯化钙初始浓度、醇水比(体积比)及反应时间等合成条件的变化对CaSO_4·2H_2O晶须的形貌和尺寸有重要的影响;所确定的优化合成工艺为:反应温度25℃、氯化钙初始浓度0.045mol/L、醇水比2∶1、反应时间30min;在该优化条件下所制备的硫酸钙晶须尺寸均匀、直径约为200nm、长径比约为30。
By the room temperature acidification method, CaSO4 · 2H2O nanowhiskers were synthe- sized on a large scale in ethanol-water solvent, using calcium chloride and concentrated sulfuric acid as raw materials, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide（CTAB） as crystal control agent. The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）, field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM） and high resolution transmission electron microscopy（HRTEM）. The experimental results showed that synthesis conditions including the reaction temperature, initial concentration of calcium chloride, ethanol-water ratio and reaction time had significant influence on the morphology and size of the whiskers. The optimized synthesis conditions were obtained as follows, the reaction temperature was 25 ℃,initial concentration of calcium chloride was 0. 045 mol/L, ethanol-water ratio was 2 ： 1 and reaction time was 30 rain. The as-prepared CaSO4 · 2H2O nanowhiskers under the optimized conditions were uniform in size with the diameter about 200 nm and the aspect ratio about 30.
出处
《合肥工业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2017年第7期984-988,994,共6页
Journal of Hefei University of Technology：Natural Science
基金
合芜蚌自主创新专项资助项目(JZ2015QSJH0243)
关键词
硫酸钙
纳米晶须
氯化钙
乙醇-水
calcium sulfate
nanowhiskers
calcium chloride
ethanol-water
