摘要
宋人笔记对唐五代城市商业的认识比较深刻。唐代各州市场的经济功能不断加强,在收取商税、维护市场秩序、管理治安、传播信息等方面作用突出。各市场商品销售量较大,商业经营形式有所突破,服务业兴起,服务业人员众多。随着人们对商业认同感的增强,商人的社会地位有了较大的提高。不过尽管很多商人的经营比较成功,但大多数商人的生活仍是十分艰辛,小商小贩的生活并不富裕。唐后期至五代,城市商业出现了不少新气象。市在发生变化,一些城市店铺沿街设立,商业摊肆和居民住宅混杂在一起;贩运业异常发达,奢侈品和日常生活用品种类十分丰富;商人的经营手段和方式呈现出多样性的风格,中介商活跃;城市商品交换遍布各个热闹地区,卷入到商业中的城市居民越来越多。从宋代笔记的记载中,我们看到了唐五代城市商业发展的真实面貌,商业的发展已经进入到一个更高的层次。
Notes left by people in Song Dynasty show that they had a good understanding of the city commerce of the Tang and Five Dynasties. In Tang Dynasty, the economic functions of the market were continuously strengthened and played an important role in tax collection, market order mainte- nance, public order management and information dissemination. With some breakthroughs made in the form of business management, the markets enjoyed large sales of goods and the service industry rose. As business earned increasing recognition, the social status of businessmen greatly improved. However, despite the success of many businessmen, most businessmen still lived a hard life. During the late Tang and Five Dynasties, city commerce had some new changes. Shops in the city were set up along the streets and mixed with residential houses. Transportation was well developed ; both luxury goods and regular goods were rich in variety ; businessmen employed diverse operational methods ; brokers became active ; goods exchange was popular in every busy district of the cities ; more and more city people were involved in city commerce. In short, commerce reached a higher level of development. Notes from Song Dynasty presents a true picture of how commerce developed in the cities in the Tang and Five Dynas- ties.
出处
《思想战线》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第4期92-106,共15页
Thinking
关键词
唐五代城市
商人地位
市场
商业发展
经营形式
Tang and Five Dynasties, status of businessmen, market
development of commerce, business management
