摘要
目的评价食育对改善农村小学生的饮食相关健康素养的效果。方法整群抽取河南省信阳市某农村村级小学学校,对所有在校生216人进行食育干预,比较干预前后饮食相关健康素养的变化,评价食育干预的效果。结果食育干预后,学生对奶制品主要功能、富含维生素C食物和食物中毒知晓率由干预前的9.1%、14.9%、14.9%提高至26.6%、26.6%、29.4%(P<0.05);干预后食品标签中色素知晓率为45.9%;干预后经常吃零食、喝饮料的比例由干预前的75.5%、44.9%降至63.9%、35.2%(P<0.05);干预后对几类常见零食(方便面、豆制品零食、薯片、糖果、饼干)和饮料(碳酸饮料、果汁饮料、乳味饮料)摄入频率均低于干预前(P<0.05);食育干预对农村小学生的膳食摄入结构的影响不显著;干预后学生仍对畜禽肉类、乳制品摄入显著不足,经常摄入者仅占50%左右。92.6%的学生表示喜欢食育课。结论食育对提高农村小学生的饮食相关的健康素养有所帮助,是改善我国农村小学生营养状况的有效途径之一。
Objective To evaluate the effect of eating education among primary school students in rural areas and their diet-related health literacy improvement after eating education. Methods A cluster sampling was conducted in a village-level primary school in Pingyang District, Xinyang, Henan Province. All 216 students were involved intervention and their diet-related health literacy were compared to evaluate the effect of eating education before and after intervention. Results After intervention, the proportions of students who gave the right answers to the questions about dairy nutritional value, Vitamin C-riched foods and food poisoning were increased from 9. 1% , 14.9%, 14. 9% to 26. 6%, 26. 6% , 29.4%, respectively （P 〈 0. 05 ）. And the proportion of students who gave the right answers to food additive pigment was 45.9%. After eating education, the proportion of students who frequently consumed snacks and soft beverages dropped from 75.5 %, 44. 9% to 63.9%, 35.2% （P 〈0. 05）. Meanwhile the proportions of students who frequently ate instant noodles, seasoned beans, fried chips, candies and cookies were dropped, as well as the proportion of students who frequently consumed sodas, fruit juice and milk beverage were decreased significantly （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The effect of eating education on children＇ s dietary structure was not significant. Students＇ intake of meat, dairy products were inadequately as only 50% of them frequently consumed these foods. The proportion of pupils who liked to eat education was as many as 92. 6%. Conclusion Eating education was proved to be effective in improving diet-related health literacy among primary school students in rural areas, and was especially significant in changing students＇ poor eating habits such as eating snacks and drinking beverages, which could serve as a channel for future enhancement of the nutritional status of students in rural primary schools of China.
出处
《中国健康教育》
北大核心
2017年第6期487-491,共5页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(71473270)
关键词
食育营养干预
健康教育
效果评价
Nutritional intervention
Health education
Effect evaluation
