摘要
为了解决茶叶籽在生产中利用不足的问题,以群体茶树品种的茶叶籽为原料,在优化筛选其干燥工艺技术的基础上,选用阴干脱壳并烘至足干工艺对其进行干燥,以不饱和脂肪酸萃取得率为考察指标,考察萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间3个单因素对不饱和脂肪酸萃取得率的影响,然后通过正交试验与验证性实验,优化筛选超临界CO_2萃取茶叶籽不饱和脂肪酸工艺技术。结果表明:3个因素对茶叶籽不饱和脂肪酸萃取得率的影响次序依次为萃取温度>萃取时间>萃取压力,其中萃取温度影响显著(P<0.05)。超临界CO_2萃取茶叶籽不饱和脂肪酸的最佳工艺条件为萃取压力25 MPa、萃取温度45℃、分离温度55℃、CO_2流量20~30 kg/h,时间165 min,在该工艺条件下,不饱和脂肪酸得率为8.77%,不饱和脂肪酸百分比为80.30%,比传统索氏提取法的得率6.02%、不饱和脂肪酸百分比79.67%分别提高2.75%、0.63%。
To solve the problem of insufficient use of tea seed in production, the authors used seeds of different tea varieties as raw material, and chose naturally dried seeds to shelled and dried to enough status on the basis of optimal screening drying technology. Then, the authors studied the effect of extraction pressure, extraction temperature and extraction time on unsaturated fatty acid extracting rate, and optimized new techniques of extracting unsaturated fatty acid by supercritical CO2 with orthogonal experiments and confirmatory experiments. As the result, the three factors （the extraction pressure, the extraction temperature and the extraction time） had different levels of impacts on the rate of extracting unsaturated fatty acid; the extraction temperature had the most significant impacts （P〈0.05）, which was greater than the extraction time, and the extraction pressure had the least influence on the rate of extraction. With the best conditions （the extraction pressure at 25 MPa, the extraction temperature at 45℃, the separation temperature at 55℃, C02 flow around 20 to 30 kilogram per hour, and a time period of 165 minutes）, the rate of extracting unsaturated fatty acid was 8.77% and the purity was 80.30%. Compared with the results of Soxhlet extracting method （the rate of extracting unsaturated fatty acid was 6.02% and the purity was 79.67%）, the rate of extracting unsaturated fatty acid increased by 2.75% and the purity increased by 0.63%.
出处
《中国农学通报》
2017年第15期139-143,共5页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
湖南省科技厅重点研发计划"茶叶籽油料资源高效综合利用关键技术创新与示范"(2016NK2102)
关键词
茶叶籽
茶叶籽油
不饱和脂肪酸
超临界CO2萃取
tea seed
tea seed oil
unsaturated fatty acids
supercritical carbon dioxide （SC-CO2） extraction
