摘要
国家监察体制改革的认识分歧凸显了改革应遵从何种宪法程序、如何恪守宪法边界及如何落实宪法指示的理论问题。以修法程序改革的观点不但逻辑错误,也必然导致监察全覆盖与人大无限权力间的内在矛盾。国家监察体制改革应当遵从宪法修改的程序,先由全国人大修宪创设机构,再实施宪法建立机关。国家监察体制改革应当恪守宪法根本规范确立的边界,不得改变以"党领导人民建设一个民主、法治、权力制约和人权受保障的现代化共和国"为内容的宪法根本。权力单向监督并非宪法根本规范的核心内容,国家监察体制改革形成闭环式的权力监督结构,但并未动摇人大制度的根本。国家监察体制改革应当落实宪法的指示,合理配置监察权,建立监察组织法、行为法和基准法的融贯体系,以法律明确监察权限、监察程序和监察标准,并以既有的机关监督机制为基础建立环伺式的监察权监督模式,形成"有限"和"有效"监察的国家监察法治体系。
The essence of the state supervision system reform is to reconstruct the constitutional power system. How to advance the state supervision system reform according with the Constitution and law is a central issue which the state supervision system reform will face. Different scholars have different opinions on the legal procedure of the state supervision system reform and have proposed jurisprudential problems such as how to exercise the power to reform the state supervision system according with the Constitution and what is the constitutional restriction on this power. This paper, with the constitutional restraints on the state supervision system reform as its theme, mainly studies which constitutional procefure shall the state supervision system reform follow, law amending process or the Constitution amending process？ Which constitutional contents can be amended or not when the NPC carries forward the state supervision system reform and reconstructs the state power？ How to interpret the constitutional boundary on the state supervision system reform？ How to design specific system？ And which system does meet the requirements of the Constitution＇s basic norm mostly？ This paper mainly adopts the research methods of logical analysis and text analysis. Firstly, it specifies the main divergences between different theoretical propositions to extract core academic propositions through analyzing scholars＇ main viewpoints and theoretical deduction process. Secondly, it summarizes the real meanings and contents of relevant provisions of the Constitution through analyzing the text of the Constitution and regards them as the normalization premise of the follow-up theoretical deduction. On this basis, this paper argues that; First, amending the Constitution power structure and power relation shall follow amending procedures of the Constitution. The state supervision system reform aims at reconstructing the Constitution power structure and effective control over public powers, and the NPC shall not arbitrarily e
出处
《武汉大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第3期14-24,共11页
Wuhan University Journal：Philosophy & Social Science
基金
教育部哲学社会科学研究课题重大攻关项目(14JZD003)
关键词
国家监察
宪法
约束
体制改革
state supervision
the Constitution
restraint
structural reform
