摘要
改革开放40多年来,我国已从主要靠政策调整社会关系、法制并不健全的状态发展到中国特色社会主义法律体系已经形成并不断完善。伴随这一过程,我国的立法方式也发生了重要的变化,从主要由立法机关提出立法选题,进行深入调研、广泛征求意见,并主要制定新法为主;逐渐转向由司法机关开展改革试点推动立法,并主要表现为修改、完善既有法律的方式。对后者可称为“改革试点推动立法”模式,其本身也经历了不断发展完善的过程。初期阶段主要呈现为地方司法机关自主进行改革试点,或由专家学者与地方司法机关合作开展相关改革试点,进而间接推动立法修改的情况。近十年来,出现了由最高司法机关主导开展相关改革试点,直接推动立法修改的新情况。其又可分为经立法机关授权开展的改革试点与未经立法机关授权开展的改革试点两种情形。党的十八大以来,党中央明确提出重大改革应当于法有据,经立法机关授权开展改革试点成为主流,其他方式逐渐式微。但是,并不能说以往形成的改革试点推动立法模式已经没有价值。从历史唯物主义的观点看待改革试点推动立法模式,一方面应当肯定其历史进步意义,另一方面应当总结其利弊得失,并对该模式进一步完善提出思路。
Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up,China has developed from a state where social relations are mainly adjusted by policies and the legal system is not perfect,to a socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics that has been formed and continuously improved.Along with this process,China's legislative methods have also undergone important changes,from mainly the legislature proposing legislative topics,conducting in-depth research,extensively soliciting opinions,and mainly formulating new laws;It has gradually shifted to the reform pilot reform carried out by the judiciary to promote legislation,which is mainly manifested in the way of amending and improving existing laws.The latter can be called the“reform pilot to promote legislation”model,which itself has undergone a process of continuous development and improvement.The initial stage mainly presents a situation in which local judicial organs independently carry out reform pilots,or experts and scholars cooperate with local judicial organs to carry out relevant reform pilots,and then indirectly promote legislative amendments.In the past decade,there has been a new situation in which the highest judicial organ has led the implementation of relevant reform pilots and directly promoted legislative amendments.It can be divided into two situations:reform pilots carried out with the authorization of the legislative organ and reform pilots carried out without the authorization of the legislative organ.Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the Party central committee has clearly proposed that major reforms should be based on law,and carrying out reform pilot projects with the authorization of the legislature has become the mainstream,and other ways have gradually declined.However,it cannot be said that the reform pilot model formed in the past to promote legislation is no longer valuable.From the perspective of historical materialism,we should affirm its historical progress significance,on the other hand,we should summari
作者
顾永忠
李作
GU Yong-zhong;LI Zuo(College of Criminal Justice and National Institute of Legal Aid,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,China)
出处
《河北法学》
北大核心
2023年第8期76-95,共20页
Hebei Law Science
基金
2020年国家社会科学基金重大项目“健全社会公平正义法治保障制度研究”(20ZDA032)
关键词
改革试点
刑事诉讼法
立法机关
立法方式
司法机关
reform pilots
Criminal Procedure Law
legislative organ
legislative method
judicial organ
