摘要
目的掌握金湖县农村环境卫生健康危害因素水平,客观评价农村环境卫生状况,为政府相关部门制订政策措施提供依据和支持。方法 2015、2016年每年随机抽取金湖县5个镇为监测点,每个镇抽取4个村,每个村抽取5户家庭,每个镇抽取1所初中和1所小学作为监测对象,共10个镇40个村200户家庭,14所学校。通过查阅资料、访谈、现场观察、实验室检测等方法获得监测数据,并填写统一调查表格。结果金湖县村内垃圾统一收集率为58.15%,处理方式填埋占56.29%;村内污水排放方式以明暗沟为主(57.30%),排放地点坑塘占71.89%;农村卫生户厕率为87.01%;集中式供水率为98.54%,水源以深井为主(59.52%);土壤寄生虫卵未检出,重金属指标合格。病媒生物监测灭鼠占37.50%;学校卫生室设置率为28.57%。结论金湖县农村卫生厕所普及率高于全省水平,农村生活垃圾趋于集中管理,集中式供水基本覆盖,污水处理率低;病媒生物监测未见成果,学校卫生工作薄弱。
Objective To master the level and dynamic change of health hazard factors for rural environmenthygiene in J inhu county, evaluate the condition of the rural environment hygiene objectively, so as to provide the basis and support for relevant government departments in formulating policies and measures. Methods During 2015-2016,5 towns as were randomly selected monitoring points every year, and 4 villages in each town, fivefamilies in each village, and one junior high school and one primary school as the monitoring objects in each town, totally 200 families, 40 villages, 10 towns and 14 schools. The data were obtained through consulting documents,interviews, field survey and laboratory testing, and a uni- fied questionnaire was filled in. Results The unified collection rate of garbage in village was 58.15 % ;56.29%of garbage was disposed through landfill; 57.30 % of the wastewater was discharged through open and underground ditch;the e mission sites were pits and ponds,accounting for 71.89% ;the rate of the household hygiene restroom was 87.01% ;the rate of centralized drinking water supply was 98.54 % ;59.52 % source water was deep well water; Soil parasitic ovum was not detected,indicators of heavy metals were qualified. 37.50 %in vector biological monitoring was killing rats;The setup rate of school clinic was 28. 57%; Conclusion The popularizing rate of hygiene household restroom in Jinhu county is higher than the level of Jiangsu province, the rural domestic waste is tending to be centrally managed, thecentralized drink ing water supply is basically covered,the rate of sewage disposal is low;No effect of vector biological monitoring has been observed, and the school health work is weak.
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2017年第3期238-240,F0003,共4页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
关键词
农村
环境卫生
Rural
Environment hygiene
