摘要
目的超声心动图是新生儿心室功能评价的最简便可靠的无创性方法,已被临床广泛应用。M型超声心动图可通过测量室壁振幅、EF值等评价心室的收缩功能,也可通过左心室充盈血流传播速度、三尖瓣环收缩期位移分别反映心室的舒张、收缩功能。二维超声心动图主要反映心室的整体收缩功能。多普勒超声通过测定瓣膜口的血流速度及瓣环的运动速度从而进一步评估心室的舒张及收缩功能。组织追踪技术能较准确地反映心肌的整体、节段及旋转运动。三维超声心动图不仅可测量整体心功能,还可测量局部心肌功能。声学定量技术克服了手工测量心内膜的不足,可实时检测心腔面积、容积及心功能,其各项测值与心导管有良好的相关性。经食管超声心动图避免了肥胖、胸廓畸形及肺气等因素的干扰,故可显示更为清晰的图像,对心血管疾病诊断的敏感性和可靠性更高。本文就超声心动图在新生儿心室功能检测中的应用及研究进展作一综述。
Echocardiography is a simple, reliable and non-invasive method for assessing cardiac function of neonates. It has been recognized and widely used in clinic. The M type echocardiography can evaluate the ventricular function by measuring EF values, Flow propagation velocity （VP） and Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion（TAPSE）. Two- dimensional eehoeardiography mainly reflects the whole ventricuiar contraction function. Doppler flow imaging （CDFI） can measure the blood flow velocity of valve and speed of annulus to further evaluation ventricular diastolic and systolic function. Tissue tracking technology can accurately reflect myocardial overall, segmental and rotary motion. Three-dimensional echocardiography（3-DE） can not only measure overall heart function, still can measure regional myocardial function. Acoustic quantification（AQ） overcome the disadvantages of manual measuring endocardium, can real-time de- tect heart cavity area, volume and cardiac function, its various measurements have good correlation with cardiac catheter- ization. Transesophageal echocardiography （Tee） can display a clearer picture because of small interference such as obesity, thoracic deformity and pulmonary gas, so it has higher sensitivity and reliability of the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. Although certain eehocardiography technology has some deficiencies in reflecting ventricular function, but these weaknesses will be perfected constantly with the flying development of ultrasonic medical.
出处
《西部医学》
2017年第5期729-732,736,共5页
Medical Journal of West China
基金
四川省卫生厅科研课题(120417)
成都中医药大学校基金(YYZX201303)
关键词
超声心动图
新生儿
心功能
Echocardiography
Neonates
Cardiac function
