摘要
防止核扩散是国际社会共同努力的目标,其中武器级核材料的防扩散是重中之重.钚是反应堆的副产品,如果不计较经济效益,利用铀为核燃料的反应堆都可以生产武器级钚.本文基于日本Takahama-3压水堆建立了五个模型,并进行中子和燃耗计算,得到两种燃料棒产武器级钚的条件、燃料棒轴向的燃耗分布、组件内燃料棒燃耗的变化区间和全堆芯燃料棒径向燃耗分布.基于上述模型和计算数据给出压水堆堆芯内含有武器级钚的准确位置和UO_2燃料棒中武器级钚的产量.这种低燃耗的乏燃料给国际核不扩散带来了巨大风险,国际社会应该加强对此类乏燃料的监管.
The nuclear nonproliferation is a common objective for the international society,of which one of the most important issues is the nonproliferation of weapon-grade nuclear material.Plutonium is a by-product when nuclear reactors are operated.If a commercial power nuclear reactor operates without counting its economic benefits,it is possible that weapon-grade plutonium（WGPu） would be produced in the nuclear reactor with using uranium as nuclear fuel.In the paper,we quantitatively study the plutonium isotopic composition and yield of the WGPu produced in a pressurized water reactor（PWR）,and thereby investigate the proliferation risk of commercial nuclear reactors.The properties of plutonium produced in the PWR are calculated by MCORGS,which is developed by us to link MCNP and ORIGENS for calculating the transport-burnup.For evaluating the changing behavior of plutonium isotopic ratio dependent on the cooling time after being discharged from a PWR,we add the model of calculating the depletion and decay properties of nuclear fuel into the MCORGS code system.In order to calculate the yield of WGPu produced in the PWR,we carry out the neutron and burnup calculations by using five reactor models.The simulation models and operation history are based on the configuration and parameters of Japanese Takahama-3 unit.According to the positions and proportions of UO2 fuel rods,burnable poison rods and guide tubes in Takahama-3 PWR,we build a PWR model of an infinite heterogeneous 6×6 pin cell lattice,carry out simulation calculation and explore the condition for WGPu existing in the two kinds of fuel rods.When the burnup of a UO2 fuel rod is no more than 4.7 MWd/kgU,it contains WGPu.When the burnup of a burnable poison rod is no more than 2.7 MWd/kgU,it contains WGPu.Therefore,the issue of WGPu production in PWR is transformed into the research of the spatial distribution of PWR burnup.In order to obtain the axial PWR burnup,we build an infinite fuel pin cell model in which the PWR is divided into 20 equal zones in the
出处
《物理学报》
SCIE
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第8期33-42,共10页
Acta Physica Sinica
基金
能源局06专项(批准号:2015ZX06002008)
国防科工局国防基础科研计划(批准号:C1520110002)
国家磁约束核聚变能源研究专项(批准号:2015GB108002)资助的课题~~
关键词
核不扩散
武器级钚
燃耗
压水堆
nuclear nonproliferation
weapon-grade plutonium
burnup
pressurized water reactor
