摘要
目的分析8月龄内婴儿麻疹合并支气管肺炎的临床特征及防治措施。方法回顾性分析该院2014年12月-2015年1月收治的30例8月龄内麻疹合并支气管肺炎患儿的临床资料,按照治疗方式分为对照组(n=14)与观察组(n=16),对照组接受对症治疗,观察组加用丙种球蛋白佐治。比较两组疗效,统计咳嗽、憋喘、肺部体征消失时间,退烧时间及住院时间。结果 (1)8月龄内婴儿麻疹合并支气管肺炎男性所占比例高于女性;发病月龄为2~8月,以5~7月多见,平均(7.2±2.3)月;地域分布以农村为主;有明确麻疹接触史者占50.00%;住院时间(7.3±2.4)d;喂养方式以母乳喂养为主;均可见不同程度皮疹、发热、咳嗽,并伴有黏膜斑、结膜炎、腹泻等表现;大部分可见胸片改变,实验室检查异常率高;麻疹病毒抗体检验阳性率100.00%。(2)在麻疹合并支气管肺炎患儿发病影响因素中,以月龄≥4月、冬春季节、有呼吸系统疾病史患儿发病率较高为相关危险因素。(3)观察组治疗总有效率为93.75%,明显高于对照组的64.29%(均P<0.05)。(4)观察组咳嗽消失时间、憋喘消失时间、退热时间、肺部体征消失时间及住院时间均短于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论 8月龄内麻疹合并支气管肺炎临床发病率高,以发热、皮疹、咳嗽、黏膜斑、流涕、结膜炎、呼吸困难、腹泻为主要症状,伴有白细胞、中性粒细胞增多,以冬春季节常发、呼吸道感染史、麻疹疫苗滴度降低为其发病的相关危险因素,早期接受对症处理,辅以丙种球蛋白干预,可明显改善麻疹合并支气管肺炎患儿症状,促进体征消失。
Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment of measles complicated with bronchopneumonia in infants younger than 8 months old. Methods The clinical data of 30 infants younger than 8 months old diagnosed as measles complicated with bronchopneumonia and treated in the hospital from December 2014 to January 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. Then the infants were divided into control group（ 14 infants） and observation group（ 16 infants）. The patients in control group were treated by symptomatic treatment,and the patients in observation group were additionally treated by gamma globulin. The curative effects,disappearance time of cough,wheeze,pulmonary signs,fever and hospitalization time in the two groups were compared. Results The proportion of male infants with measles complicated with bronchopneumonia was higher than that of female infants; the month age of attack was 2-8 months,and 5-7 months were common,（ 7. 2±2. 3） months on average; the infants were mainly in rural area; the infants with confirmed contact history of measles accounted for 50. 00%; the hospitalization time was（ 7. 3±2. 4） days; breastfeeding was the main feeding pattern. There were different degrees of rashes,fever,cough; all the infants were complicated with mucosal patches,conjunctivitis and diarrhea; most of them had changes of chest radiograph; and the abnormal rate detected by laboratory examination was high; the positive rate of measles virus antibody was100. 00%. Among the influencing factors,≥4 months old,winter or spring,history of respiratory diseases were related risk factors. The total effective rate in observation group was 93. 75%,which was statistically significantly higher than that in control group（ 64. 29%）（ P〈0. 05）. The disappearance time of cough,wheeze,pulmonary signs,fever and hospitalization time in observation group were statistically significantly shorter than those in control group（ all P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The incidence rate of measles complicated with bronchopn
出处
《中国妇幼保健》
CAS
2017年第8期1701-1704,共4页
Maternal and Child Health Care of China
关键词
麻疹
支气管肺炎
特征
治疗
婴儿
Measles
Bronchopneumonia
Characteristics
Treatment
Infant
