摘要
目的 运用定量酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测人群麻疹免疫水平，探索其影响因素，并为确定麻疹易感者及其免疫策略提供科学依据。方法 采集上海市闸北区常住及外来人口血标本共869份，用定量ELISA方法测定麻疹IgG，同时调查麻疹疫苗（MV）免疫史和麻疹患病史。结果 人群麻疹IgG抗体浓度中位数为976毫国际单位鹰升（mIU／ml）。其中0～7月龄组最低，为112mIU／ml；其次是15～19岁组，为709mIU/ml；8～23月龄组最高，为1740mIU／ml。各年龄组间抗体水平差异有非常显著的统计学意义（F=23．457，P=0．000）。869人中抗体阳性767人，阳性率为88．3％。阳性率随年龄增长而增高，0～7月龄组最低，为34．9％；≥35岁组最高，为99．0％。年龄和MV免疫剂次是人群麻疹免疫水平非常显著的影响因素（F=5．406，F=12．563，P均为0．000）；母亲曾患麻疹是显著影响外来儿童免疫水平的因素（F=4．475，P=0．035）；外来人口原发性免疫失败非常显著地高于常住人口（t=6．325，P=0．000）。结论 为加速控制麻疹，继续探索提高0～7月龄儿童麻疹免疫水平和外来儿童两剂次MV（含麻疹、流行性腮腺炎、风疹联合疫苗）接种率的策略。
Objective To detect the measles immunity and to study the impact of demographic and other factors on the levels of antibodies by quantitative ELISA. Methods 869 serum samples （438 from inhabitants, 431 from floating）were tested for measles IgG antibodies by quantitative ELISA. Data on measles immunity and disease history were collected. Results The medium of IgG was 976mIU/mL, the level of measles antibody was different in age groups （F - 8.413, P = 0.000）, ranging among 112mIU/mL in aged 0-7 months infants, 709mIU/mL in 15-19 aged and 1740mIU/ mL in aged 8-23 months ones.Among the total subjects, the proportion of immune to measles, as gauged by positive rate, was 88.3 %. It increased with age groups, of which the lowest was 34.9 % in 0-7 months and the highest 99 % in aged 35 years or over groups. Age and the times of vaccinations were factors on the levels of antibodies （F = 5. 406, F = 12. 563, P - 0.000）; Mother with history of measles were other factors that there are significant differences in floating population （F = 4.475, P = 0.035）. Significant differences exist initial inoculation failure between floating and citizen （t=6. 325,P=0.000）. Conclusion To control measles, further research is needed to develop strategy on how to enhance measles immunity of infants aged 0-7 months and two times vaccinations in floating children and properly advance immunity programmed of measles.
出处
《中国计划免疫》
2006年第5期385-388,共4页
Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization
基金
上海市闸北区科学技术委员会医学科学研究项目
