摘要
中世纪英国城市的起源、兴起经历了一个漫长的发展过程。英国历史学家詹姆斯·泰特(James Tait)根据考古资料指出,英国最初的城镇产生于盎格鲁-撒克逊时期。本文通过对翻译成现代英语的英国中古文献的研究发现,早在公元7世纪以后,就出现了诸如要塞(ceaster)、贸易小镇(wik、wic、wich)、堡(burh、borough)、市场(port)等多种形式的城镇,而这些城镇的起源是国王与贤人会议、教会、商人、入侵者之间博弈的结果,即国王造就了城镇。对英国中古文献中有关盎格鲁-撒克逊城镇起源的研究结果,印证了英国考古学及泰特的观点,从而为英国城市兴起的研究提供新的视角。
The origin and rise of the Medieval British cities had undergone a long evolutionary process.According to the archaeological data,British historian James Tait pointed out that British towns originated in Anglo-Saxon period. Based on studying British ancient documents which be translated into modern English,this article states that as early as the 7th century,there were various forms of towns,such as ceaster,wik,wic,wich,burh,borough,port,etc.. The origin of these towns was the results of the game between king,Witenagemot,church,traders and invaders,by which the king made the town. This research confirms the point of British archaeology and Tait,showing a new perspective for the research of British cities,and providing enlightenment and? reference for today's Chinese urbanization movement.
出处
《华中科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第3期67-74,共8页
Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)
基金
湖北省教育厅人文社会科学研究重点项目"从传统到近代:中英城市制度比较研究--以汉口为例"(13d111)
湖北科技学院博士启动项目"中世纪英国城市自治研究--以城市法为视角"(BK1503)
