摘要
运动竞赛在当今社会已成为一项影响巨大的社会文化活动,精彩的体育赛事往往能使亿万人如痴如醉,人们为什么热衷于观看运动竞赛?基于需要和动机理论,以观众的"观赏动机"为主要研究对象,通过文献资料法、问卷调查法、访谈法等研究方法,对观众的观赏动机进行调查与分析,并以动机导源到需要,阐释观众具体的观赏需要及"为何观赛"的原因,以期为竞赛表演市场和体育产业的发展提供理论和现实依据。研究结果表明:观众的动机维度分别为审美追求、归属认同、明星崇拜、宣泄娱乐、胜负刺激和求知激励;不同人口学特征观众在观赏动机各维度上存在差异;运动竞赛具有独特的吸引力和感染力,满足着人们众多的心理、情感、精神和文化等方面的需要;竞赛表演市场必须了解当下观众的现实动机与需要,整体考虑多种因素的交互影响来发展体育赛事和推展观赏活动。
Competitive sport has been a high-impact social and cultural activity in modern society, best sports events tend to make hundreds of millions of people out of their mind. Why are people keen to watch sports games？ Based on need and motivation theory, this paper surveyed and analyzed watching motivation and explained the specific needs of audience and the reason of ＂why do they watch sports？＂ by the methods of literature, questionnaires, and interviews. This work will provide the basis of theory and reality for the development of sports competition performance market and the sports industry. The results showed that the dimensions of watching motivation are aesthetic, affiliation, hero worship, entertainment, exciting and knowledge stimulate ; different demographic variables have different motivation factors; sports competition has unique attraction and appeal which meets lots of people＇s psychological, emotional, spiritual and cultural needs; competition performance market must understand the real motivation and needs of spectators, and make an overall consideration of various factors to develop sports events and to promote watching activity.
出处
《北京体育大学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第3期27-32,共6页
Journal of Beijing Sport University
关键词
运动竞赛
体育观众
观赏动机
观赏需要
体育竞赛表演
sports competition
sports audience
watching motivation
watching needs
sports competition performance
