摘要
[目的]明确内蒙古贮期马铃薯主要贮藏病害种类。[方法]2015年10月至2016年4月在内蒙古乌兰察布市化德县对贮期通风库内腐烂的马铃薯进行取样,采用组织分离法对病原菌进行分离、纯化培养以及形态观察与分子鉴定。[结果]造成化德县贮期马铃薯腐烂的病害有干腐病(Fusarium spp.)、晚疫病(Phytophthora infestans)、早疫病(Althernaria solani)、环腐病(Clavibacter michiganense subsp.sepedonicus)、软腐病(Erwnia spp.),其中,干腐病为主要病害。经鉴定,引起马铃薯干腐病的病原菌有4种:接骨木镰刀菌(Fusarium sambucinum)、燕麦镰刀菌(FusariumLink)、锐顶镰孢(Fusarium acuminatum)、木贼镰刀菌(Fusarium equiseti)。致病疫霉引起的晚疫病及部分茄链格孢引起的早疫病易发生复合侵染,多出现在腐烂较严重的薯块,贮藏后期病薯多存在真菌复合侵染现象,腐烂严重薯块还存在细菌复合侵染现象。[结论]试验结果为马铃薯贮期防病提供了理论依据。
[ Objective ] The aim was to clear main pathogen of potato rot disease inner ventilation bank of Huade County, Mongolia during stor- age period. [ Method] We sampled rotten potato during the storage period from October, 2015 to April, 2016 inner ventilation bank of Huade County, Wulanchabu City, Mongolia, used organizational separation method to separate and culture pathogens, and defined through the means of morphology and molecular identification. [ Result] There were several diseases to cause potato rot disease during the storage period in Huade County, such as dry rot disease（ Fusarium spp. ）, late blight disease（Phytophthora infestans）, early blight disease（Althernaria solani） ,ring rot disease（Clavibacter michiganense subsp, sepedonicus） and rot disease（Erwn/a spp. ）, among them the dry rot disease was the main disease. There were 4 kinds of pathogens cause dry rot disease of potato through the identification, such as Fusarium sambucinum,Fusarium Link,Fusarium acuminatum and Fusarium equiseti. The late blight disease caused by Phytophthora infestans and early blight disease caused by part Alternaria solani were often happened in much serious rot potatoes which occurred mixed infection, and these potatoes were always infected by variety of fungi in the late period of storage, the severe rotting potatoes were occurred complex infection by bacterium. [ Conclusion] The results provide theoretical basis for disease control of potato during storage period.
作者
张凯
王希卓
孙洁
杨琴
孙海亭
ZHANG Kid WANG Xi-zhuo SUN Jie et al(Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Postpartum Processing,Ministry of Agriculture ,Beijing 100125)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2017年第10期147-151,共5页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划“薯类产后储运减损技术装备及模式研究与示范”(2016YFD0401301)
关键词
马铃薯
贮期病害
病原鉴定
CTAB法
PCR扩增
分子鉴定
Potato
Storage diseases
Identification of the pathogen
The CTAB method
PCR amplification
Molecular identification
