摘要
目的了解某综合医院医院感染病原菌临床分布特征及耐药情况。方法收集该院2012年5月—2015年5月医院感染患者的病例资料,对其病原菌分布及其耐药情况进行统计分析。结果 183 850例患者共发生医院感染6 563例,医院感染发生率为3.57%,其中445例患者检出2种及2种以上病原菌,375例患者检出2种病原菌(84.27%),2种病原菌均是以革兰阴性(G-)杆菌为主(132例)。送检标本4 478份,培养阳性标本2 503份,培养阳性率为55.90%;分离病原菌2 755株,其中G-杆菌1 713株(62.18%),革兰阳性(G+)球菌732株(26.57%),酵母样真菌304株(11.03%),厌氧菌6株(0.22%)。以神经内科分离病原菌居多(524株,19.02%),病原菌主要分离自痰标本(1 340株,48.64%)。耐碳青霉烯类大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌检出率分别为0.39%(2/510)、1.66%(3/181)、59.14%(207/350)、5.29%(11/208);耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)检出率为21.55%(25/116)。结论医院感染病原菌中多重耐药菌较多,应了解科室感染病原菌分布特点及流行情况,做好多重耐药菌监测,实施接触隔离措施,防止医院感染暴发。
Objective To understand the clinical distribution characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens causing healthcare-associated infection（HAI）in a comprehensive hospital.Methods Clinical data of patients with HAI in this hospital between May 2012 and May 2015 were collected,the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens isolated from patients were analyzed.Results A total of 6 563 cases of HAI occurred among183 850 patients,incidence of HAI was 3.57%,445 patients were isolated at least two kinds of pathogens,375（84.27%）patients were isolated two kinds of pathogens,132 of whom were infected with both gram-negative bacilli.4 478 specimens were sent for pathogenic detection,2 503（55.90%）of which were isolated pathogens;a total of 2 755 pathogens were isolated,including 1 713（62.18%）strains of gram-negative bacilli,732（26.57%）gram-positive cocci,304（11.03%）yeast-like fungi,and 6（0.22%）anaerobic bacteria.524（19.02%）strains were mainly from patients in department of neurology.The main specimen was sputum（n=1 340,48.64%）.The isolation rates of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli（CREC）,Klebsiella pneumoniae（CRKP）,Acinetobacter baumannii（CRAB）,and Pseudomonas aeruginosa（CRPA）were 0.39%（2/510）,1.66%（3/181）,59.14%（207/350）,and 5.29%（11/208）respectively;isolation rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus（MRSA）was21.55%（25/116）.Conclusion Multidrug-resistant organisms causing HAI are various,it is necessary to understand distribution characteristics and prevalence of pathogens,monitor multidrug-resistant organisms,and implement contact isolation measures,so as to prevent the outbreak of HAI.
出处
《中国感染控制杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2017年第3期225-228,共4页
Chinese Journal of Infection Control
关键词
医院感染
病原菌
分布
特征
抗药性
微生物
耐药性
healthcare-associated infection
pathogen
distribution
characteristic
drug resistance
microbial
